石油学报 ›› 2010, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 486-489.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201003025

• 石油工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

原油超声波降黏实验研究

董惠娟   张  甲   朱  波   张广玉   武  剑   

  1. 哈尔滨工业大学机电工程学院  黑龙江哈尔滨  150001
  • 收稿日期:2009-07-23 修回日期:2009-11-24 出版日期:2010-05-25 发布日期:2010-07-28
  • 通讯作者: 董惠娟
  • 作者简介:董惠娟,女,1968年11月生,1999年获哈尔滨工业大学机械工程专业博士学位,现为该校机电控制及自动化系副教授, 硕士生导师,主要从事功率超声波应用技术、光纤光栅传感技术等方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目“原油超声电磁复合防蜡机理及相关技术研究”(No.50674036)部分成果。

Experimental study on ultrasonic viscosity-reduction method of crude oil

DONG Huijuan   ZHANG Jia   ZHU Bo   ZHANG Guangyu   WU Jian   

  • Received:2009-07-23 Revised:2009-11-24 Online:2010-05-25 Published:2010-07-28

摘要:

采用自行研制的全波长聚能型压电超声换能器及变幅杆浸入式反应器,对原油油样进行了超声降黏处理,测定了黏-温曲线。分析超声处理时间、换能器工作电流和含水率对原油超声降黏效果的影响。结果表明:当超声处理时间为3 min及换能器工作电流为0.36 A时,油样在温度为25 ℃、黏度低达200mPa·s时能够维持原油常温下的连续输送。但当超声处理时间过长时,原油黏度反而升高。其中,含水率为60%和75%的原油经超声处理后,降黏率大于60%。采用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了不同参数条件下的蜡晶形态,证明了原油超声降黏的可行性和不可回复性,为超声降黏装置的研制提供了理论依据。

关键词: 原油, 超声波降黏法, 处理时间, 换能器, 工作电流;含水率

Abstract:

A series of experiments on the ultrasonic treatment of viscosity-reduction for crude oil were carried out using the whole-wave length power-collecting piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer developed by the authors and the horn-dipping reactor. The effects of the ultrasonic treatment parameters, such as treatment time, current of the transducer in operation and water cut, on the viscosity-reduction efficiency of crude oil were analyzed. A set of viscosity-temperature curves were obtained. The transportation of crude oil can be maintained continuously when the treatment time is three minutes, the transducer current is 0.36 A and the oil viscosity is 200 mPa·s at 25 ℃. However, the viscosity of crude oil will be high when the ultrasonic treatment takes longer time than the proposed time. The experiments showed that the viscosity-reduction rate was over 60% after ultrasonic treatment for crude oil with water cut 60% and 75%, respectively. The paraffin crystals morphology under the different parameters was observed using the scanning electron microscopy. It is demonstrated that the ultrasonic treatment method can get good effectiveness, and the reduced viscosity of crude oil is non-recoverable.

Key words: crude oil, ultrasonic viscosity-reduction method, treatment time, transducer, working current, water cut