流动条件下原油乳化含水率与水相组成的关系

doi:10.7623/syxb201505013

石油学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 626-632.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201505013

流动条件下原油乳化含水率与水相组成的关系

文江波, 张劲军, 郑飞, 陆争光

中国石油大学油气管道输送安全国家工程实验室/城市油气输配技术北京市重点实验室北京 102249

收稿日期:2014-09-27 修回日期:2015-02-20 出版日期:2015-05-25 发布日期:2015-06-10
通讯作者: 张劲军,男,1962年3月生,1982年获华东石油学院学士学位,1998年获石油大学(北京)博士学位,现为中国石油大学(北京)教授、博士生导师,主要从事易凝高黏原油流变性及输送技术研究。Email:zhangjj@cup.edu.cn
作者简介:文江波,男,1987年12月生,2009年获大庆石油学院学士学位,2012年获东北石油大学硕士学位,现为中国石油大学(北京)油气储运工程专业博士研究生,主要从事多相管流及油气田集输技术研究。Email:wen_jiangbo@sina.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重点项目(No.51134006)和中国石油大学(北京)科研基金项目(LLYJ-2011-55)资助。

Relationship between emulsified water fraction under flowing conditions and composition of water phase

Wen Jiangbo, Zhang Jinjun, Zheng Fei, Lu Zhengguang

National Engineering Laboratory for Pipeline Safety/Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Oil & Gas Distribution Technology, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China

Received:2014-09-27 Revised:2015-02-20 Online:2015-05-25 Published:2015-06-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

油田采出水中含有大量的无机阴、阳离子,如Na⁺、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、Cl^-、HCO₃^-等,这些离子对油-水两相体系的乳化特性有重要影响。以流动条件下原油的乳化含水率表征油-水两相体系的乳化特性,针对以CaCl₂、NaHCO₃、Na₂SO₄、MgCl₂和NaCl共5种盐溶液为水相、存在游离水的高含水油-水两相体系,通过搅拌实验,研究了水相组成对原油乳化含水率的影响。研究表明,这些无机盐的加入可以使原油的乳化含水率增大,但随着矿化度的增大,原油乳化含水率增大的速率逐渐减小;这5种无机盐对流动条件下原油乳化含水率的影响大小排序为:NaCl>(Na₂SO₄、NaHCO₃)>MgCl₂>CaCl₂;酸性环境不利于原油的乳化,而碱性环境能够促进原油的乳化,一定矿化度条件下,pH值越高,其乳化含水率越高。对于一定矿化度下的高含水油-水两相体系,不同剪切条件下的乳化含水率可以与搅拌槽内的黏性流动熵产率进行归一化关联,并且二者符合幂律关系。通过回归分析得到了该幂率关系式中的待定参数与水相组成之间的定量关系式。

关键词: 原油-水体系, 乳化, 水相组成, 矿化度, 黏性流动熵产率

Abstract:

There are large amounts of inorganic anion and cation in oilfield produced water such as Na⁺, Ca²⁺, Cl^-, HCO₃^- etc., which has significant effect on the emulsification of the crude oil-water system. In this work, the emulsified water fraction under flowing conditions was used to characterize the emulsification behavior of crude oil-water system. 5 kinds of solution of CaCl₂, NaHCO₃, Na₂SO₄, MgCl₂ and NaCl were served as water phase of crude oil-water system. For the crude oil-water systems with high water fraction and free water, the emulsification experiments were performed by using a stirred vessel, and the effect of the composition of water phase on the emulsified water fraction was studied. It was found that the addition of inorganic salt could increase the emulsified water fraction, however, with the increase of salinity, the increase rate of the emulsified water fraction decreased gradually. The sequence of the 5 kinds of inorganic salt affecting the emulsified water fraction is: NaCl>(Na₂SO₄, NaHCO₃)>MgCl₂>CaCl₂. The acidic conditions were not conducive to the emulsification of crude oil-water system, while the alkaline conditions prompted the emulsification. The emulsified water fraction increased with the increase of pH under the condition of constant salinity. For the crude oil-water system with a certain salinity and high water fraction, the emulsified water fraction correlated well with the entropy production rate of viscous flow, and a power-law equation well fitted the data. Further, the correlations between the undetermined parameters in this power-lower equation and water phase composition were obtained by regression analysis.

Key words: crude oil-water system, emulsification, composition of water phase, salinity, entropy production rate of viscous flow

中图分类号:

TE832.3

文江波, 张劲军, 郑飞, 陆争光. 流动条件下原油乳化含水率与水相组成的关系[J]. 石油学报, 2015, 36(5): 626-632.

Wen Jiangbo, Zhang Jinjun, Zheng Fei, Lu Zhengguang. Relationship between emulsified water fraction under flowing conditions and composition of water phase[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2015, 36(5): 626-632.

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流动条件下原油乳化含水率与水相组成的关系

Relationship between emulsified water fraction under flowing conditions and composition of water phase

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