石油学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (8): 1018-1028.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201508014

• 石油工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

浮式生产系统泄漏天然气扩散规律与危险区域

刘康, 陈国明, 魏超南   

  1. 中国石油大学海洋油气装备与安全技术研究中心 山东青岛 266580
  • 出版日期:2015-08-25 发布日期:2015-08-06
  • 通讯作者: 陈国明,男,1962年10月生,1982年获华东石油学院学士学位,1999年获石油大学机械工程专业博士学位,现为中国石油大学(华东)海洋油气装备与安全技术研究中心教授、博士生导师,主要从事海洋油气工程及装备、油气安全工程方面的研究。Email:offshore@126.com
  • 作者简介:刘 康,男,1987年12月生,2010年获中国石油大学(华东)学士学位,现为中国石油大学(华东)博士研究生,主要从事油气安全工程、安全信息化技术方面的研究工作。Email:lkzsww@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家安全生产监督管理总局2014年安全生产重大事故防治关键技术科技项目(gaoxiao-0006-2015AQ)和中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(14CX02074A)资助。

Combustible gas diffusion law and hazardous area of FPSO

Liu Kang, Chen Guoming, Wei Chaonan   

  1. Center for Offshore Engineering and Safety Technology, China University of Petroleum, Shandong Qingdao 266580, China
  • Online:2015-08-25 Published:2015-08-06

摘要:

考虑到浮式生产系统(FPSO)作业过程中存在的油气泄漏及火灾、爆炸等连锁风险,为了科学评估FPSO天然气泄漏风险,基于计算流体动力学理论,采用通用CFD软件Fluent建立FPSO关键系统泄漏天然气的扩散行为预测与评估模型,分析、判断可燃气体运动特点及危险区域的分布规律。根据仿真结果和对比分析,研究了泄漏可燃气体的扩散过程、行为特点以及风向、风速和泄漏速率等关键因素对可燃气体扩散危险区域的影响规律,综合考虑仿真结果与相关标准的要求,合理确定FPSO上部模块的一级2区IIA组危险区。结合FPSO油气泄漏风险特点,从工程应用角度提出应对措施与建议。

关键词: 浮式生产系统, 天然气, 泄漏, 扩散规律, 危险区域, 计算流体动力学

Abstract:

Given the high risk of FPSO operation subjected to oil & gas leakage and subsequent chain effects (e.g. fire and explosion), the paper is aimed to introduce our study on the diffusion behavior of flammable gas in leakage and corresponding hazardous area on FPSO. Concerning the actual operating parameters of the two important equipments respectively belong to crude oil treatment system and flare stack system, the gas leakage rate with different hole diameters was calculated as source term based on an appropriate leak source model. A CFD-based evaluation model which had been proved to be useful in predicting the diffusion behavior and distribution law of gas was developed, the diffusion characteristics of gas diffusion are summarized, and the influence of wind direction, wind velocity, and leakage rate on the gas diffusion behavior was analyzed in details with Fluent. Based on the hazardous area of gas and relative recommended standards, the hazardous location classified as Class I Zone 2 Group IIA on FPSO topside is divided. Finally some improvement recommendations for engineering application are proposed.

Key words: FPSO, natural gas, leakage, diffusion law, hazardous area, CFD

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