西非深水沉积类型特征及油气勘探意义

doi:10.7623/syxb2016S1013

石油学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (S1): 131-142.DOI: 10.7623/syxb2016S1013

西非深水沉积类型特征及油气勘探意义

蔡露露¹, 王雅宁², 王颖¹, 董朔朋¹, 朱石磊¹, 廖计华¹, 赵钊¹, 薛冬¹

1. 中海油研究总院北京 100028;
2. 长江大学地球科学学院湖北武汉 430100

收稿日期:2016-03-04 修回日期:2016-06-15 出版日期:2016-10-31 发布日期:2016-11-30
通讯作者: 王雅宁,男,1983年12月生,2012年获中国石油大学(北京)博士学位,现为长江大学地球科学学院讲师,主要从事层序地层及沉积储层方向研究。Email:wyn-ml@foxmail.com
作者简介:蔡露露,男,1983年8月生,2006年获长江大学学士学位,2011年获中国石油大学(北京)博士学位,现为中海油研究总院工程师,主要从事沉积储层研究工作。Email:caill2@cnooc.com.cn
基金资助:
国家重大科技专项“海洋深水区油气勘探关键技术”（2011ZX05025）、国家自然科学基金项目（No.41302095）和中国海洋石油总公司勘探部勘探技术应用与发展项目（2015-KT-04）资助。

Type features and hydrocarbon exploration significance of deepwater sedimentary in West Africa

Cai Lulu¹, Wang Yaning², Wang Ying¹, Dong Shuopeng¹, Zhu Shilei¹, Liao Jihua¹, Zhao Zhao¹, Xue Dong¹

1. CNOOC Research Institute, Beijing 100028, China;
2. College of Geosciencs, Yangtze University, Hubei Wuhan 410100, China

Received:2016-03-04 Revised:2016-06-15 Online:2016-10-31 Published:2016-11-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

深水沉积储层是目前世界油气勘探开发的热点目标，西非深水油气资源丰富，占全球深水油气总资源量的14%。根据深水沉积所处位置、沉积相带、沉积物组合及平面展布特征等差异，将深水沉积类型分为水道（单支水道、复合水道）、朵叶（单期朵叶、叠合朵叶）、天然堤（近端天然堤、远端天然堤）和深海泥。通过对不同类型深水沉积的岩相、测井相、地震相和沉积相进行分析，以深水沉积模式为指导，结合物源供给和运输通道等因素的影响，阐明了西非尼日尔三角洲盆地和下刚果-刚果扇盆地油气勘探的主要储层类型及分布。综合研究表明，复合水道浊积砂和叠合朵叶席状砂是深水沉积的主要储层，储层物性良好；近端天然堤席状砂是较好的储集体；单支水道和远端天然堤受到砂体规模和厚度的限制，储层性能一般。在尼日尔三角洲盆地深水区勘探中，首选低缓构造背景下的叠合朵叶席状砂体，其次是寻找高陡构造背景下的叠合朵叶席状砂体，最后是寻找低缓构造背景下的复合水道浊积砂体。在下刚果-刚果扇盆地深水勘探中，以寻找复合水道浊积砂体为主，其次为叠合朵叶席状砂体。

关键词: 尼日尔三角洲盆地, 下刚果-刚果扇盆地, 深水沉积, 复合水道, 叠合朵叶

Abstract:

Nowadays deepwater sedimentary reservoirs are hotspots of hydrocarbon exploration and exploitation in the world, the West Africa abounds in deepwater hydrocarbon resource, which accounts for 14% of total deepwater hydrocarbon resource worldwide. Based on the differences in deepwater sedimentary location, sedimentary facies belt, sediment association, and 2D distribution characteristics, deepwater sedimentary are divided into four types, i.e., channels (single and complex channels), lobes (single and superposed lobes), levees (proximal and distal levees), and deepsea mud. Directed by a deepwater sedimentary model in consideration of such factors as provenance supply and transport pathway, the lithofacies, logging facies, seismic facies and sedimentary facies of different types of deepwater sedimentary was studied, thus determining the types and distribution of main reservoirs for hydrocarbon exploration in the Niger Delta Basin and the Lower Congo-Congo Fan Basin, West Africa. Overall research indicates that turbidite sand in complex channels and sheet sand in superposed lobes are the main reservoirs developed from deepwater sedimentary with good physical properties; sheet sand in proximal levees is relatively good reservoir body; single channels and distal levees have moderate reservoir properties due to limitation in sand body size and thickness. The following sand bodies are orderly explored in deepwater areas in the Niger Delta Basin, i.e., sheet sand bodies in superposed lobes under low and gentle tectonic setting, sheet sand bodies in superposed lobes in high and steep tectonic setting, and turbidite sand bodies in complex channels under low and gentle tectonic setting. Moreover, deepwater exploration in the Lower Congo-Congo Fan Basin is aimed at detecting turbidite sand bodies in complex channels and sheet sand bodies in superposed lobes.

Key words: Niger Delta Basin, Lower Congo-Congo Fan Basin, deepwater sedimentary, complex channel, complex lobe

中图分类号:

TE121

蔡露露, 王雅宁, 王颖, 董朔朋, 朱石磊, 廖计华, 赵钊, 薛冬. 西非深水沉积类型特征及油气勘探意义[J]. 石油学报, 2016, 37(S1): 131-142.

Cai Lulu, Wang Yaning, Wang Ying, Dong Shuopeng, Zhu Shilei, Liao Jihua, Zhao Zhao, Xue Dong. Type features and hydrocarbon exploration significance of deepwater sedimentary in West Africa[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2016, 37(S1): 131-142.

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西非深水沉积类型特征及油气勘探意义

Type features and hydrocarbon exploration significance of deepwater sedimentary in West Africa

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