考虑应力敏感的致密气多级压裂水平井试井分析

doi:10.7623/syxb201805008

石油学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 570-577.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201805008

考虑应力敏感的致密气多级压裂水平井试井分析

欧阳伟平^1,2, 孙贺东³, 张冕^1,2

1. 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆井下技术作业公司陕西西安 710018;
2. 低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室陕西西安 710018;
3. 中国石油勘探开发研究院气田开发研究所河北廊坊 065007

收稿日期:2017-06-26 修回日期:2018-02-25 出版日期:2018-05-25 发布日期:2018-06-06
通讯作者: 孙贺东,男,1973年11月生,1997年获西安石油学院学士学位,2004年获西安交通大学博士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院气田开发研究所高级工程师,主要从事气井试井分析及产能评价方面的研究。Email:sunhed@petrochina.com.cn
作者简介:欧阳伟平,男,1986年10月生,2009年获中山大学学士学位,2014年获中国科学院力学研究所博士学位,现为中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆井下技术作业公司工程师,主要从事试井分析及储层动态评价方面的研究。Email:ouywp56@163.com
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项"致密砂岩气有效开发评价技术"（2011ZX05013-002）资助。

Well test analysis for multistage fractured horizontal wells in tight gas reservoir considering stress sensitivity

Ouyang Weiping^1,2, Sun Hedong³, Zhang Mian^1,2

1. Changqing Downhole Technology Company, CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Limited, Shaanxi Xi'an 710018, China;
2. National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low-permeability Oil and Gas Fields, Shaanxi Xi'an 710018, China;
3. Department of Gas Field Development, PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Hebei Langfang 065007, China

Received:2017-06-26 Revised:2018-02-25 Online:2018-05-25 Published:2018-06-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

根据致密气藏应力敏感实验数据和试井理论，建立了渗透率随有效应力呈幂律形式变化的多级压裂水平井三维数值试井模型。采用混合单元有限元方法对模型进行求解，得到了不同应力敏感条件下的试井理论曲线。研究了应力敏感不可逆性对试井曲线特征的影响，以及应力敏感系数、开关井次数及产量大小等因素对测试曲线形态的影响。研究结果表明，应力敏感不可逆性会造成储层渗透率的永久性伤害，应力敏感系数越大、开关井次数越多、产量越大对储层渗透率的伤害越大，其试井双对数曲线表现为压力及压力导数曲线上升，全历史压力曲线表现为压力下降幅度随开关井次数增加而增加。存在多次开关井的致密储层试井资料实例解释结果表明，若忽略应力敏感不可逆性的影响，会造成解释得到的原始储层渗透率偏小且全历史压力曲线后期很难拟合。

关键词: 应力敏感, 不可逆, 数值试井, 3D模型, 多级压裂水平井, 有限元, 开关井次数

Abstract:

Based on the stress-sensitive experimental data and well test theory of tight gas reservoirs, this study establishes a three-dimensional numerical well test model for multistage fractured horizontal wells, in which the permeability varies with effective stress in a power law model. Well test log-log type curves under different stress-sensitive conditions are obtained using the finite element method with hybrid elements for model solution. The influences of stress sensitive irreversibility on the characteristics of well test curves are studied as well as the effects of other factors, such as stress sensitivity coefficient, opening and closing times and flow rate on the test curve morphology. The results show that the irreversibility of stress sensitivity can cause permanent damages to formation permeability. The greater the stress sensitivity coefficient is, the more the opening and closing times are, the larger the flow rate is, the more damages to formation permeability will occur. The well test log-log type curve is manifested as a rising pressure and pressure derivative curve, respectively. The full-history pressure curve shows a pressure drop amplitude upgraded with the increase of opening and closing times. For wells in tight reservoir after multiple closing and opening, the test data interpretation results indicate that if the influence of stress-sensitive irreversibility is neglected, the permeability of original formation is small, difficult to match the full-history pressure curve.

Key words: stress sensitivity, irreversibility, numerical well test, 3D model, multistage fractured horizontal well, finite element method, well opening and closing times

中图分类号:

TE353.1

欧阳伟平, 孙贺东, 张冕. 考虑应力敏感的致密气多级压裂水平井试井分析[J]. 石油学报, 2018, 39(5): 570-577.

Ouyang Weiping, Sun Hedong, Zhang Mian. Well test analysis for multistage fractured horizontal wells in tight gas reservoir considering stress sensitivity[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2018, 39(5): 570-577.

参考文献

[1] 罗瑞兰,冯金德,唐明龙,等.低渗储层应力敏感评价方法探讨[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2008,30(5):161-164.
LUO Ruilan,FENG Jinde,TANG Minglong,et al.Probe into evaluation methods for stress sensitivity of low permeability reservoirs[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University:Science & Technology Edition,2008,30(5):161-164.
[2] 罗瑞兰, 程林松,彭建春,等.确定低渗岩心渗透率随有效覆压变化关系的新方法[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2007,31(2):87-90.
LUO Ruilan,CHENG Linsong,PENG Jianchun,et al.A new method of determining relationship between permeability and effective overburden pressure for low-permeability reservoirs[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2007,31(2):87-90.
[3] OSTENSEN R W.Microcrack permeability in tight gas sandstone[R]. SPE 10924,1983.
[4] PEDROSA JR.O A.Pressure transient response in stress-sensitive formations[R].SPE 15115,1986.
[5] KIKANI J,PEDROSA JR.O A.Perturbation analysis of stress-sensitive reservoirs (includes associated papers 25281 and 25292)[J].SPE Formation Evaluation, 1991,6(3):379-386.
[6] CELIS V,SILVA R,RAMONES M,et al.A new model for pressure transient analysis in stress sensitive naturally fractured reservoirs[J].SPE Advanced Technology Series,1994,2(1):126-135.
[7] 王文环.应力敏感砂岩地层三区复合凝析气藏不稳定试井模型[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(3):117-119.
WANG Wenhuan.Three-zone composite well test model of condensate gas reservoir in stress-sensitive sandstone[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2005,32(3):117-119.
[8] 黄全华,李士伦,唐海,等.低渗应力敏感地层凝析气井试井分析[J].天然气工业,2007,27(4):95-97.
HUANG Quanhua,LI Shilun,TANG Hai,et al.Well test analysis of gas condensate wells in low-permeable and stress-sensitive formation[J].Natural Gas Industry,2007,27(4):95-97.
[9] 廖新维,冯积累.超高压低渗气藏应力敏感试井模型研究[J].天然气工业,2005,25(2):110-112.
LIAO Xinwei,FENG Jilei.Well test model of stress-sensitive gas reservoirs with super-high pressure and low permeability[J].Natural Gas Industry,2005,25(2):110-112.
[10] 杨蕾,林红.应力敏感低渗复合油藏试井模型[J].西部探矿工程,2006,18(2):73-74.
YANG Lei,LIN Hong.Well test of stress sensitive low permeability complex reservoir[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2006,18(2):73-74.
[11] 田冷,何顺利,李秀生.低渗透气田砂岩储层应力敏感试井模型研究[J].石油钻探技术,2007,35(6):89-92.
TIAN Leng,HE Shunli,LI Xiusheng.Study of well test of stress-sensitive sandstone in low permeability gas reservoir[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2007,35(6):89-92.
[12] 孙贺东,韩永新,肖香姣,等.裂缝性应力敏感气藏的数值试井分析[J].石油学报,2008,29(2):270-273.
SUN Hedong,HAN Yongxin,XIAO Xiangjiao,et al.Numerical well test analysis of stress-sensitive fractured gas reservoirs[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(2):270-273.
[13] 史英,颜菲,李小波,等.考虑应力敏感疏松砂岩气藏试井分析[J].岩性油气藏,2009,21(3):114-117.
SHI Ying,YAN Fei,LI Xiaobo,et al.Well test analysis of unconsolidated sandstone gas reservoir in consideration of stress sensitivity[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2009,21(3):114-117.
[14] 牛刚,廉培庆,李琳琳,等.应力敏感双重介质油藏试井分析[J].油气田地面工程,2010,29(12):8-9.
NIU Gang,LIAN Peiqing,LI Linlin,et al.Well test analysis of dual-porosity and dual-permeability reservoirs with stress sensitivity[J].Oil-Gasfield Surface Engineering,2010,29(12):8-9.
[15] QANBARI F,CLARKSON C R.Analysis of transient linear flow in stress-sensitive formations[J].SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering,2013,17(1):98-104.
[16] 熊也,张烈辉,赵玉龙,等.应力敏感页岩气藏水力压裂直井试井分析[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(16):221-225.
XIONG Ye,ZHANG Liehui,ZHAO Yulong,et al.Pressure transient analysis of hydraulic fractured vertical well in stress-sensitive shale gas reservoirs[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2014,14(16):221-225.
[17] 王飞,潘子晴.致密气藏压裂水平井反卷积试井模型[J].石油学报,2016,37(7):898-902.
WANG Fei,PAN Ziqing.Deconvolution-based well test model for the fractured horizontal wells in tight gas reservoirs[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(7):898-902.
[18] 郭小哲,王晶,刘学锋.页岩气储层压裂水平井气-水两相渗流模型[J].石油学报,2016,37(9):1165-1170.
GUO Xiaozhe,WANG Jing,LIU Xuefeng.Gas-water two phase porous flow model of fractured horizontal well in shale gas reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(9):1165-1170.
[19] 曾焱,王本成,聂仁仕.线性复合油藏多级压裂水平井渗流模型[J].石油学报,2017,38(6):687-695.
ZENG Yan,WANG Bencheng,NIE Renshi.The porous flow model of multi-stage fractured horizontal well in linear composite oil reservoirs[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(6):687-695.
[20] 任宗孝,吴晓东,屈展,等.倾斜裂缝水平井非稳态压力模型[J].石油学报,2017,38(9):1059-1065.
REN Zongxiao,WU Xiaodong,QU Zhan,et al.Transient pressure model for horizontal wells with inclined fractures[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(9):1059-1065.
[21] 曹丽娜.致密气藏不稳定渗流理论及产量递减动态研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2017.
CAO Lina.Research on unsteady percolation theory and rate transient analysis in tight gas reservoirs[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2017.
[22] 徐梦雅,廖新维,刘姣姣.储层应力敏感性对致密气藏压裂水平井试井分析的影响[J].陕西科技大学学报,2012,30(5):57-61.
XU Mengya,LIAO Xinwei,LIU Jiaojiao.Influence of stress sensitivity on well test analysis for fractured horizontal well in tight gas reservoir[J].Journal of Shaanxi University of Science & Technology,2012,30(5):57-61.
[23] 中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会.岩心分析方法:SY/T 5336-2006[S].北京:石油工业出版社,2007.
National Development and Reform Commission.Practices for core analysis:SY/T 5336-2006[S].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2007.
[24] 张浩,康毅力,陈一健,等.岩石组分和裂缝对致密砂岩应力敏感性影响[J].天然气工业,2004,24(7):55-57.
ZHANG Hao,KANG Yili,CHEN Yijian,et al.Influence of the rock components and fractures on tight sandstone stress sensitivity[J].Natural Gas Industry,2004,24(7):55-57.
[25] 欧阳伟平,刘曰武.射孔完井参数对试井理论曲线的影响[J].石油学报,2013,34(3):528-534.
OUYANG Weiping,LIU Yuewu.Effects of perforated completion parameters on well test type curves[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(3):528-534.
[26] WAN Yizhao,LIU Yuewu,OUYANG Weiping,et al.Numerical investigation of dual-porosity model with transient transfer function based on discrete-fracture model[J].Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,2016,37(5):611-626.

考虑应力敏感的致密气多级压裂水平井试井分析

Well test analysis for multistage fractured horizontal wells in tight gas reservoir considering stress sensitivity

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	狄勤丰, 王楠, 陈锋, 陈涛, 王文昌, 陈薇. 磨损套管螺纹接头密封面力学特性[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(5): 669-676.
[2]	陈浩, 周涛, 樊怀才, 张鉴, 杨胜来. 页岩储层人工裂缝岩样制备方法及应力敏感性[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(9): 1117-1126.
[3]	孙宝江, 彭玉丹, 张伟国, 赵艳玲, 陈济颖, 付光明. 筛管压溃强度计算公式及适用性[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(3): 363-371.
[4]	祝效华, 刘伟吉. 旋冲钻井技术的破岩及提速机理[J]. 石油学报, 2018, 39(2): 216-222.
[5]	曾焱, 王本成, 聂仁仕. 线性复合油藏多级压裂水平井渗流模型[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(6): 687-695,720.
[6]	祝效华, 刘伟吉. 单齿高频扭转冲击切削的破岩及提速机理[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(5): 578-586.
[7]	贾曦雨, 王树山, 马峰, 唐凯, 陈华彬, 马小强, 潘德凯. 射孔冲击相变对射孔套管抗挤性能的影响[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(3): 348-355.
[8]	张鹤, 狄勤丰, 覃光煦, 陈薇, 王文昌, 陈锋. 预弯底部钻具组合横向振动响应的快速求解[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(12): 1441-1447.
[9]	孙贺东, 欧阳伟平, 张冕. 基于数值模型的气井现代产量递减分析及动态预测[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(10): 1194-1199.
[10]	郭小哲, 王晶, 刘学锋. 页岩气储层压裂水平井气-水两相渗流模型[J]. 石油学报, 2016, 37(9): 1165-1170.
[11]	祝效华, 迟博. 螺杆钻具定转子热力耦合行为[J]. 石油学报, 2016, 37(8): 1047-1052.
[12]	狄勤丰, 陈锋, 李宁, 王明杰, 王文昌, 刘树林. 超深井钻具接头极限工作扭矩图版及其应用[J]. 石油学报, 2016, 37(4): 516-522.
[13]	张睿, 宁正福, 杨峰, 赵华伟. 页岩应力敏感实验与机理[J]. 石油学报, 2015, 36(2): 224-231,237.
[14]	曾青冬, 姚军. 水平井多裂缝同步扩展数值模拟[J]. 石油学报, 2015, 36(12): 1571-1579.
[15]	韩贝贝, 秦勇, 张志军, 尹诗, 汪岗, 郑书洁. 太原西山煤田现代构造应力场综合模拟[J]. 石油学报, 2015, 36(11): 1392-1401.