储层构造动力成岩作用理论技术新进展与超深层油气勘探地质意义

doi:10.7623/syxb202010012

石油学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (10): 1278-1292.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202010012

储层构造动力成岩作用理论技术新进展与超深层油气勘探地质意义

张荣虎^1,2, 曾庆鲁¹, 王珂¹, 王俊鹏¹, 孟广仁¹, 李娴静²

1. 中国石油天然气股份有限公司勘探开发研究院北京 100083;
2. 中国石油天然气股份有限公司杭州地质研究院浙江杭州 310023

收稿日期:2020-02-18 修回日期:2020-06-21 出版日期:2020-10-25 发布日期:2020-11-05
通讯作者: 张荣虎,男,1976年9月生,2000年获大庆石油学院学士学位,2013年获中国石油勘探开发研究院博士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院高级工程师,主要从事中国中西部盆地沉积学、油气储层及成藏方面的研究。
作者简介:张荣虎,男,1976年9月生,2000年获大庆石油学院学士学位,2013年获中国石油勘探开发研究院博士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院高级工程师,主要从事中国中西部盆地沉积学、油气储层及成藏方面的研究。Email:zrh_hz@petrochina.com.cn
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项（2016ZX05003001-002）和国家重点研发计划项目（2019YFC0605501）资助。

New progress in the theory and technology of tectonic diagenesis on reservoir and the geological significance of ultra-deep oil and gas exploration

Zhang Ronghu^1,2, Zeng Qinglu¹, Wang Ke¹, Wang Junpeng¹, Meng Guangren¹, Li Xianjing²

1. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development, Beijing 100083, China;
2. PetroChina Hangzhou Research Institute of Geology, Zhejiang Hangzhou 310023, China

Received:2020-02-18 Revised:2020-06-21 Online:2020-10-25 Published:2020-11-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

深层—超深层已经成为国内外油气资源发展的最重要领域之一，资源潜力巨大。以构造活动为驱动力的构造动力成岩作用与储层的成因机理有着密切关系，控制着储层的形成、演化和空间分布。通过综述近十余年的主要研究进展，明确了储层构造动力成岩作用的概念和内涵，剖析了当前和未来研究的关键点及其对超深层油气的地质意义。储层构造动力成岩作用是沉积岩层在从松散沉积物到固结形成沉积岩石直至遭受浅变质前的过程中所发生的构造活动与成岩作用的耦合，主要研究沉积物沉积以后构造变形与沉积物的物理、化学变化的相互作用关系，其关键驱动力是构造作用（包括挤压、伸展和走滑），可以发生在弱成岩—固结成岩和构造抬升-剥露的各个时期。储层构造动力成岩作用研究的关键在于厘清3个关系：构造成岩作用与储层致密化、裂缝化的量化关系；构造成岩作用与流体-岩石相互作用的耦合关系；构造成岩作用与储层断层带、裂缝带的时空关系。储层构造动力成岩作用在多学科交叉、多方法融合和多领域应用的基础上逐步形成了新的地质理论体系和技术方法系列，可为认识超深层碳酸盐岩储层、低孔裂缝型砂岩储层、规模优质砂岩储层、非常规储层的形成机理提供地质理论基础，还可为复杂储层质量评价预测、天然裂缝及其有效性评价提供有效途径和技术方法。

关键词: 构造动力成岩作用, 储层, 超深层, 构造裂缝, 评价与预测

Abstract:

Deep and ultra-deep layers have become one of the most important areas for the development of domestic and foreign oil and gas resources, with huge resources potential. Tectonic diagenesis, driven by tectonic activity, is closely related to the genetic mechanism of reservoirs, and controls the formation, evolution and spatial distribution of reservoirs. By summarizing the main research progress in the past 10 years, this paper clarifies the concept and connotation of tectonic diagenesis on reservoir, and analyzes the key points of current and future researches and their geological significance for ultra-deep oil and gas exploration. Tectonic diagenesis on reservoir is the coupling of tectonic activity and diagenesis of sedimentary strata in the process from loose sediments to the sedimentary rock through consolidation before undergoing low grade metamorphism. The researches of structural diagenesis mainly focus on the interaction between structural deformation and physical and chemical changes of sediments after sedimentation. The key driving force is tectonism (including compression, extension and strike-slip), which can occur in various periods of weak diagenesis, consolidation diagenesis, tectonic uplift and exhumation. The key to the research of tectonic diagenesis on reservoir is to clarify three relationships:the quantitative relationship between structural diagenesis, reservoir densification and fracturing; the coupling relationship between structural diagenesis and fluid-rock interaction; the temporal and spatial relationship between structural diagenesis and reservoir fault zone and fracture zone. New series of geological theory systems and technical methods of tectonic diagenesis on reservoir has been established on the basis of multi-discipline, multi-method fusion and multi-field application. This can provide a geological theoretical basis for understanding the formation mechanisms of carbonate reservoirs, low-porosity fractured sandstone reservoirs, large-scale high-quality sandstone reservoirs and unconventional reservoirs and can also provide effective ways and technical methods for evaluation and prediction the quality of complex reservoirs, as well as the evalutaiton of natural fractures and their effectiveness.

Key words: tectonic diagenesis, reservoir, ultra-deep layer, structural fracture, evaluation and prediction

中图分类号:

TE122.2

张荣虎, 曾庆鲁, 王珂, 王俊鹏, 孟广仁, 李娴静. 储层构造动力成岩作用理论技术新进展与超深层油气勘探地质意义[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(10): 1278-1292.

Zhang Ronghu, Zeng Qinglu, Wang Ke, Wang Junpeng, Meng Guangren, Li Xianjing. New progress in the theory and technology of tectonic diagenesis on reservoir and the geological significance of ultra-deep oil and gas exploration[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2020, 41(10): 1278-1292.

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储层构造动力成岩作用理论技术新进展与超深层油气勘探地质意义

New progress in the theory and technology of tectonic diagenesis on reservoir and the geological significance of ultra-deep oil and gas exploration

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