石油学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 524-528.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201103025

• 石油工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

高强电场中液滴静电运动特性

张黎明 1,2  张  凯 1  李晓帆 3  Mojtaba Ghadiri 2  Ali Hassanpour 2   

  1. 1中国石油大学石油工程学院  山东青岛  266555; 2School of Process, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds,LS2 9JT; 3中国石油新疆销售公司  新疆乌鲁木齐  830002
  • 收稿日期:2010-08-24 修回日期:2010-12-14 出版日期:2011-05-25 发布日期:2011-07-19
  • 通讯作者: 张黎明
  • 作者简介:张黎明,女,1982年3月生,2009年获中国石油大学(华东)储运工程专业博士学位,现为中国石油大学(华东)讲师,主要从事采油工程及多相流方面的教学与科研工作。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(No.61004095)、国家科技重大专项(2008ZX05024-04-004)和中国石油大学(华东)自主创新科研计划项目(10CX04027A)联合资助。

Electrostatic movement characteristics of droplets in a highly electric field

ZHANG Liming 1,2  ZHANG Kai 1  LI Xiaofan 3  Mojtaba Ghadiri 2  Ali Hassanpour 2   

  • Received:2010-08-24 Revised:2010-12-14 Online:2011-05-25 Published:2011-07-19

摘要:

针对油田生产中含表面活性剂原油电脱水极为困难,缺乏理论指导的现状,采用动态微观实验的方法,研究含表面活性剂的油水系统中液滴在电场力作用下聚并排液的情况,计算液滴的聚结时间,并观测液滴发生形变直至破裂时各个阶段的现象。结果表明,表面活性剂可引起液滴界面排斥力上升,聚并过程中液面出现形变,降低液滴聚结速度。此外,液滴表面所吸附的表面活性剂分子会加剧液滴形变率,降低液滴破裂所需临界场强,并改变液滴破裂机制,增加了次级微小液滴的产生。须严格控制电场强度,以避免液滴变形破裂,提高聚结效率,确保电脱水的效果。

关键词: 静电聚结, 界面张力, 液滴破裂, 排液速率, 变形率, 电脱水, 表面活性剂

Abstract:

In view of the difficult electric dehydration of the crude oil with surfactants in petroleum production and the lack of the relevant mechanism research, the present paper observed the effect of surfactants in an oil-water system on various processes of droplet coalescence, drainage, deformation and break-up in an electric field by a dynamic micro-experimental method. As a result, the presence of surfactants was found capable of increasing the repulsive force of droplet interface, resulting in the surface deformation of droplets during coalescence process and decreasing the coalescence velocity of droplets. In addition, surfactant molecules adsorbed on droplet surface could aggravate the droplet deformation rate, reduce the critical field strength required for droplet break-up and change the break-up mechanism, producing more secondary micro-droplets. Therefore, the electric field strength should be strictly controlled so as to avoid the deformation and break-up of droplets, enhance the coalescence efficiency of droplets and ensure the effect of electric dehydration.

Key words: electrostatic coalescence, interfacial tension, droplet break-up, drainage velocity, deformation degree, electric dehydration, surfactant