石油学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (3): 297-306.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201703006

• 地质勘探 • 上一篇    下一篇

油气藏铼-锇同位素定年的进展与挑战

李真1,2,3, 王选策1,2,3, 刘可禹4,5, Tessalina Svetlana1, 杨雪梅5, 马行陟2   

  1. 1. The Institute for Geoscience Research (TIGeR), Department of Applied Geology, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia;
    2. 中国石油大学油气资源与探测国家重点实验室 北京 102249;
    3. 长安大学地球科学与资源学院 陕西西安 710054;
    4. 中国石油大学地球科学与技术学院 山东青岛 266580;
    5. 中国石油勘探开发研究院 北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2016-11-08 修回日期:2017-02-13 出版日期:2017-03-25 发布日期:2017-04-07
  • 通讯作者: 王选策,男,1976年8月生,2001年获中国地质大学(武汉)地质学专业学士学位,2008年获中国科学院广州地球化学研究所地球化学专业博士学位,现为澳大利亚科廷大学副教授(终身教职)、长安大学陕西省"百人计划"特聘教授,主要从事地球化学方面的研究工作。Email:X.Wang3@curtin.edu.au
  • 作者简介:李真,男,1984年2月生,2006年获南京大学地球化学专业学士学位,2011年获南京大学矿物学、岩石学、矿床学专业博士学位,现为澳大利亚科廷大学研究员、长安大学兼职教授,主要从事地质年代学与地球化学方面的研究工作。Email:Zhen.Li@curtin.edu.au
  • 基金资助:

    教育部霍英东教育基金会高等院校青年教师基金项目(151017)、中国石油天然气股份有限公司科学研究与技术开发项目(2016A-0205)、中国石油天然气股份有限公司重点基础研究课题项目(2016A-0206)、中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(310827163412)和油气资源与探测国家重点实验室开放课题基金项目(PRP/open-1701,PRP/open-1502)资助。

Rhenium-osmium geochronology in dating petroleum systems:progress and challenges

Li Zhen1,2,3, Wang Xuan-Ce1,2,3, Liu Keyu4,5, Tessalina Svetlana1, Yang Xuemei5, Ma Xingzhi2   

  1. 1. The Institute for Geoscience Research (TIGeR), Department of Applied Geology, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China;
    3. School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang'an University, Shaanxi Xi'an 710054, China;
    4. School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Shandong Qingdao 266580, China;
    5. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China
  • Received:2016-11-08 Revised:2017-02-13 Online:2017-03-25 Published:2017-04-07

摘要:

铼 (Re)、锇 (Os)元素具有对氧化还原的敏感性和亲有机质特性,富集于烃源岩、油砂、原油、沥青等油气藏相关地质样品中,并被用于油气藏同位素定年。该方法既可通过Re-Os等时线直接获取油气成藏过程的绝对地质年龄,又可利用Os同位素初始值开展油源对比。分析近十余年来油气藏Re-Os同位素年代学研究的进展与不足,指出为推动该定年技术的发展及其在油气勘探实践中的应用,学术界和工业界应密切合作共同探索Re-Os同位素在油气系统中的分馏机理,全面评价硫酸盐热化学还原反应 (TSR)、热解事件等后期地质过程对Re-Os同位素体系的潜在影响;综合运用无机和有机地球化学方法,建立判别油气来源的有效工具,以帮助合理选择满足同源特征的Re-Os同位素定年对象。这些问题的解决将有助于尽快建立油气藏Re-Os同位素定年的实用技术方案,并为业内的终端用户提供完整的使用指南。

关键词: Re-Os同位素, 定年, 油源对比, 油气藏, 进展, 挑战

Abstract:

Re and Os are redox-sensitive and organophilic, and can be enriched in potential hydrocarbon source rocks, tar sands, crude oil, and bitumen. Re-Os geochronology of these organic-rich samples has the potential for direct dating the time frame of hydrocarbon formation, migration or charge within a petroleum system. Moreover, the initial 187Os/188Os composition can also be used to fingerprint oil-oil and oil-source rock correlations. Here, we review some major reported case studies on the Re-Os geochronology of oil and gas reservoirs over the last decade. Through evaluating the advancements and shortcomings in Re-Os geochronology for petroleum system analysis, and considering the actual requirement of hydrocarbon exploration, we conclude that it is quite urgent to investigate the detailed behavior and fractionation mechanisms of Re and Os in a petroleum system, to evaluate the influence of TSR (thermochemical sulphate reduction) and thermal cracking on the Re-Os isotopes in hydrocarbons, and to establish a more reliable and efficient inorganic-organic geochemical tool allowing effectively fingerprint the fate of petroleum from its source to trap, and for oil-oil correlations. Filling the above knowledge gaps requires a comprehensive academia-industry collaboration, which is critical step to accomplish a valuable application guide for the petroleum industry end-users on using the Re-Os isotope system to directly date petroleum systems.

Key words: Re-Os isotope, dating, oil-oil and oil-source rock correlations, petroleum reservoir, progress, challenge

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