偶极横波远探测测井中反射波振幅恢复方法

doi:10.7623/syxb202004008

石油学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 457-466.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202004008

偶极横波远探测测井中反射波振幅恢复方法

武宏亮¹, 刘鹏¹, 王克文¹, 肖承文², 冯周¹, 信毅², 段文星², 李雨生¹

1. 中国石油勘探开发研究院北京 100083;
2. 中国石油塔里木油田公司勘探开发研究院新疆库尔勒 841000

收稿日期:2019-05-30 修回日期:2019-12-09 出版日期:2020-04-25 发布日期:2020-05-09
通讯作者: 刘鹏,男,1987年12月生,2010年获中国石油大学(华东)学士学位,2016年获中国石油大学(北京)博士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院高级工程师,主要从事声波测井理论方法和现场应用研究工作。Email:liupeng1987@petrochina.com.cn
作者简介:武宏亮,男,1980年6月生,2005年获长江大学学士学位,2013年获中国石油勘探开发研究院博士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院高级工程师,主要从事测井处理解释方法方面的研究工作。Email:wuhongliang@petrochina.com.cn
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项（2017ZX05019-005）资助。

A method for recovery of reflection amplitude in dipole acoustic reflection imaging

Wu Hongliang¹, Liu Peng¹, Wang Kewen¹, Xiao Chengwen², Feng Zhou¹, Xin Yi², Duan Wenxing², Li Yusheng¹

1. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Exploration and Development Research Institute, PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, Xinjiang Korla 841000, China

Received:2019-05-30 Revised:2019-12-09 Online:2020-04-25 Published:2020-05-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

偶极横波远探测测井方法能够探测井外几十米范围内的裂缝或洞穴等地质构造，对于油气勘探和开发有着重要意义。考虑到横波在地层中传播时会产生能量衰减，导致传播路径较长的反射波振幅偏低且与之对应的井外远距离反射体的成像质量差，可引入一套反射波振幅恢复方法进行处理。该方法主要包括2个部分：①在考虑测井环境和计算单位等影响因素下改进波前扩散能量补偿公式，并将其用于恢复横波反射波在地层扩散中损耗的能量；②建立适用于处理测井资料的叠前反Q滤波公式，在增加振幅补偿高、低频极限等约束条件的基础上将公式用于计算补偿反射波的地层非弹性衰减。叠前反Q滤波法成功实施的关键在于获取准确的横波品质因子Q，对此提出一种利用实测和数值模拟偶极横波直达波联合计算Q的方法，该方法的核心在于通过数值模拟的直达波校正实测直达波振幅的几何扩散衰减量。研究结合现场实例的处理和分析验证了偶极横波反射波振幅补偿方法的可行性和有效性。

关键词: 偶极横波远探测, 反射波振幅恢复, 波前扩散校正, 叠前反Q滤波, 横波品质因子

Abstract:

The dipole acoustic reflection imaging technology can detect the geological structures such as fractures or caves within tens of meters outside the well, which is of great significance for oil and gas exploration and development. Considering that energy attenuation occurs during the propagation of shear wave in strata, which results in the low reflection amplitude on a long propagation path, and the poor imaging quality of the corresponding long-distance reflector outside the well, a set of methods for recovering reflection amplitude can be introduced to solve above problems. These methods mainly include two parts:(1) improving the formula of energy compensation for wavefront diffusion as considering the influential factors such as logging environment and calculation unit, and further using it to recover the loss energy caused by diffusion of the reflected shear waves in strata; (2) establishing a formula of prestack inverse Q filtering applicable for processing logging data, and applying it to calculate the inelastic attenuation of strata for compensating the reflected waves on the basis of increasing the constraints of low-frequency and high-frequency limits of amplitude compensation. Obtaining the accurate quality factor Q of shear wave is the key to successfully implement the prestack inverse Q filtering method. To this end, this paper proposes a method to calculate Q jointly using the dipole direct shear waves measured and numerically simulated. This method focuses on correcting the attenuation value for geometric diffusion under the measured amplitude of direct waves by the numerically simulated direct waves. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of this set of methods for compensating for the amplitude of dipole shear wave are verified by the processing and analyses of on-site examples.

Key words: dipole acoustic reflection imaging, recovery of reflection amplitude, wavefront diffusion correction, prestack inverse Q filtering, quality factor of shear wave

中图分类号:

P631.8

武宏亮, 刘鹏, 王克文, 肖承文, 冯周, 信毅, 段文星, 李雨生. 偶极横波远探测测井中反射波振幅恢复方法[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(4): 457-466.

Wu Hongliang, Liu Peng, Wang Kewen, Xiao Chengwen, Feng Zhou, Xin Yi, Duan Wenxing, Li Yusheng. A method for recovery of reflection amplitude in dipole acoustic reflection imaging[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2020, 41(4): 457-466.

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偶极横波远探测测井中反射波振幅恢复方法

A method for recovery of reflection amplitude in dipole acoustic reflection imaging

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