石油学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (3): 10-15.DOI: 10.7623/syxb200503002

• 地质勘探 • 上一篇    下一篇

塔里木盆地主力烃源岩的诸多证据

赵宗举1,2, 周新源1, 郑兴平2, 范国章2, 吴兴宁2   

  1. 1. 中国石油塔里木油田公司 新疆库尔勒 841000;
    2. 中国石油勘探开发研究院杭州地质研究所 浙江杭州 310023
  • 收稿日期:2004-08-01 修回日期:2005-01-08 出版日期:2005-05-25 发布日期:2010-05-21
  • 作者简介:赵宗举,男,1967年10月生,1989年毕业于成都地质学院地质系并获硕士学位,2003年获浙江大学地球科学系博士学位,现主要从事沉积储层及油气地质综合研究及在中国石油塔里木油田分公司从事博士后研究工作,高级工程师,硕士生导师.E-mail:doctorzhao2001@vip.sina.com

Evidences of chief source rock in Tarim Basin

ZHAO Zong1,2, ZHOU Xin1, ZHENG Xing2, FAN Guo2, WU Xing2   

  1. 1. Tarim Oilfield Company, CNPC, Kuerle 841000, China;
    2. Hangzhou Institute of Geology, CNPC, Hangzhou 310023, China
  • Received:2004-08-01 Revised:2005-01-08 Online:2005-05-25 Published:2010-05-21

摘要: 对塔里木盆地古生界海平面变化及沉积相分析、地震反射特征识别及生烃-成藏配置关系的综合分析表明,下奥陶统上部—中奥陶统是塔里木盆地海相主力烃源岩。主要依据有:1下奥陶统上部—中奥陶统是塔里木盆地震旦系-奥陶系沉积水体最深的层位,沉积有机质相对平均含量最高;2北部坳陷区地震响应表明,下奥陶统上部—中奥陶统下部为一套弱反射或无反射区,具有以泥质岩为主的反射特征,推测为烃源岩,其地震反射特征与下寒武统泥质烃源岩反射特征相似;3海平面变化及沉积相分析表明,下奥陶统上部—中奥陶统烃源岩主要形成于还原环境的饥饿盆地—盆地边缘相环境,据推测分布于整个北部坳陷区;4生烃-成藏配置关系分析表明,塔中及塔北隆起的主要海相原生油藏的成藏期为晚海西-燕山期,与北部坳陷区下奥陶统上部—中奥陶统烃源岩的生油高峰期吻合,而与下寒武统源岩生油高峰期(晚奥陶世—石炭纪)及上奥陶统源岩生油高峰期(白垩纪以来)不配套;5目前在塔中及塔北隆起已发现的油气藏分布特点说明了油气主要来源于北部坳陷盆地相烃源岩分布区。

关键词: 塔里木盆地, 北部坳陷, 奥陶系, 海相烃源岩, 沉积相分析, 地震响应

Abstract: Comprehensive analysis on the sea level changes,sedimentary facies,seismic reflection characteristics,and relationship between hydrocarbon-generation and reservoir formation of the Paleozoic in Tarim Basin shows that the area from the upper of the Lower Ordovician to the Middle Ordovician developed chief marine source rock. The evidences include following aspects: ①The upper of the Lower Ordovician to the Middle Ordovician is the stratum with the deepest sedimentary water in the Sinian to Ordovician of Tarim Basin. The average content of sedimentary total organic carbon (TOC) is the highest. ②The seismic response from the upper of the Lower Ordovician to the lower of the Middle Ordovician in the northern depression of Tarim Basin is characterized by weak or blank reflection and similar to that of the Lower Cambrian mudstone source rock. It is speculated that the stratum is made of source rock. ③The analysis on sea level change and sedimentary facies indicates that the source rocks from the upper of the Lower Ordovician to the Middle Ordovician were mainly formed in starved basin to marginal basin with deoxidization environment. The source rocks may be distributed in all area of the northern depression of Tarim Basin. ④The analysis on relationship between hydrocarbon-generation and reservoir formation shows that the formations of primary oil reservoirs of chief marine in the central and northern uplift of Tarim Basin are in the stage from the Permian to the Cretaceous,which is coupling to the chief oil-generation stage of source rock from the upper of the Lower Ordovician to the Middle Ordovician,but not coupling to the oil-generation stage of source rock of the Lower Cambrian and the Late Ordovician. ⑤The distribution of oil-gas reservoirs discovered in the central and northern uplift of Tarim Basin indicates that oil and gas should be mainly migrated from the distributing region of basin facies' source rocks in the northern depression.

Key words: Tarim Basin, northern depression, Ordovician, marine source rock, sedimentary facies analysis, seismic response

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