北部湾盆地断裂构造特征及其对油气的控制作用

doi:10.7623/syxb201202003

石油学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 195-203.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201202003

北部湾盆地断裂构造特征及其对油气的控制作用

李春荣　张功成　梁建设　赵志刚　徐建永

中海油研究总院　北京　100027

收稿日期:2011-09-08 修回日期:2011-11-28 出版日期:2012-03-25 发布日期:2012-05-17
通讯作者: 李春荣
作者简介:李春荣，男，1979年2月生，2008年获中国地质大学（北京）博士学位，现为中海油研究总院地质工程师，主要从事盆地分析及勘探评价工作。
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目（2009CB219400）和国家重大科技专项（2008ZX05023-001）资助。

Characteristics of fault structure and its control on hydrocarbons in the Beibuwan Basin

LI Chunrong　ZHANG Gongcheng　LIANG Jianshe　ZHAO Zhigang　XU Jianyong

Received:2011-09-08 Revised:2011-11-28 Online:2012-03-25 Published:2012-05-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

北部湾盆地主要发育早期伸展断裂、中期走滑伸展断裂、晚期伸展断裂和长期活动断裂等4种断裂类型。盆地演化总体经历了古近系裂陷期和新近系坳陷期两大演化阶段。盆地伸展裂陷期主要有3期断裂活动，在古新世—始新世形成NE向、NEE向伸展断裂；渐新世在走滑伸展作用下形成了NEE向走滑伸展断层和近EW向次级断层。断裂的形成和演化控制了生烃洼陷的分布和促进了烃源岩的热演化，形成多种类型圈闭，为油气垂向运移提供了主要的运移通道。与生油洼陷相邻且长期继承性活动的断裂带和凹陷中央的隆起带是油气聚集的最有利区域。

关键词: 北部湾盆地, 断裂构造, 断裂活动, 构造演化, 油气成藏

Abstract:

The present paper studied characteristics of the fault development and activities in the Beibuwan Basin and discussed control factors of the fault formation and evolution on hydrocarbon reservoirs. The study showed that four types of faults developed in the Beibuwan Basin, including the early rift fault, middle strike-slip extension fault, late extension fault and long-term active fault. In Cenozoic, the Beibuwan Basin experienced both evolutionary stages, i.e. the rifting stage in Paleogene and the subsidence stage in Neogene. There were three major periods of fault activities in the extensional rifting stage. There formed NE-and NEE-direction extension faults during Paleocene and Eocene. In Oligocene, NEE-direction strike-slip extension faults and approximately EW-direction sub-faults were formed under the influence of strike-slip extension. The formation and evolution of faults controlled the distribution of hydrocarbon generative depressions, accelerated the thermal evolution of source rocks to generate various traps of hydrocarbons and provided major pathways for hydrocarbon migration. Zones with long-term active faults adjacent to hydrocarbon generative depressions and central uplift zones in depressions are the most favorable area for hydrocarbon migration and accumulation.

Key words: Beibuwan Basin, fault structure, fault activity, structure evolution, hydrocarbon accumulation

李春荣　张功成　梁建设　赵志刚　徐建永. 北部湾盆地断裂构造特征及其对油气的控制作用[J]. 石油学报, 2012, 33(2): 195-203.

LI Chunrong　ZHANG Gongcheng　LIANG Jianshe　ZHAO Zhigang　XU Jianyong. Characteristics of fault structure and its control on hydrocarbons in the Beibuwan Basin[J]. Editorial office of ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2012, 33(2): 195-203.

参考文献

[1]朱伟林,江文荣.北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷断裂与油气藏[J].石油学报，1998，19（3）：6-10.

Zhu Weilin,Jiang Wenrong.Relations between fractures and hydrocarbon reservoirs in Weixinan[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1998，19（3）：6-10.

[2]龚再升,蔡东升,张功成.郯庐断裂对渤海海域东部油气成藏的控制作用[J].石油学报,2007,28(4):1-10.

Gong Zaisheng,Cai Dongsheng,Zhang Gongcheng.Dominating action of Tanlu Fault on hydrocarbon accumulation in eastern Bohai Sea area[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(4):1-10.

[3]孙永河,漆家福,吕延防,等.渤中坳陷断裂构造特征及其对油气的控制[J].石油学报,2008,29(5):669-675.

Sun Yonghe,Qi Jiafu,Lü Yanfang,et al.Characteristics of fault structure and its control to hydrocarbon in Bozhong depression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(5):669-675.

[4]周心怀,余一欣,魏刚,等.渤海辽东湾海域JZ25-1S转换带与油气成藏的关系[J].石油学报,2008,29(6):837-840.

Zhou Xinhuai,Yu Yixin,Wei Gang,et al.Relationship between JZ25-1S transfer zone and hydrocarbon accumulation in Liaodongwan offshore of Bohai Bay Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(6):837-840.

[5]Tapponnier P,Peltzer,G,Armijo R.On the mechanics of the collision between India and Asia[M].Oxford:Blackwell,1986:115-157.

[6]茹克．南海北部边缘叠合式盆地的发育及其大地构造意义[J]．石油与天然气地质，1988，9（1）：22-30.

Ru Ke.The development of superimposed basin on the Northern margin of South China Sea and its tectonic significance[J].Oil ＆ Gas Geology,1988,9（1）：22-30.

[7]Hall R.Reconstructing Cenozoic SE Asia[G].Geological Society Special Publication 106，1996:153-184.

[8]龚再升，李思田，谢泰俊，等.南海北部大陆边缘盆地分析与油气聚集[M].北京：科学出版社，1997：63-126.

Gong Zaisheng,Li Sitian,Xie Taijun,et al.Continental margin basin analysis and hydrocarbon accumulation of the Northern South China Sea[M].Beijing:Science Press,1997:63-126.

[9]李思田,林畅松,张启明，等.南海北部大陆边缘盆地幕式裂陷的动力过程及10Ma以来的构造事件[J].科学通报,1998,43(8):797-810.

Li Sitian,Lin Changsong,Zhang Qiming,et al.Episodic rifting of continental marginal basins and tectonic events since 10Ma in the South China Sea[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1999,44(1):10-22.

[10]龚再升.南海北部大陆边缘盆地油气成藏动力学研究[M].北京：科学出版社，2004：9-24.

Gong Zaisheng.Dynamic research of oil and gas accumulation in northern marginal basins of South China Sea[M].Beijing:Science Press,2004:9-24.

[11]Cai J X,Zhang K J.A new model for the Indochina and South China collision during the Late Permian to the Middle Triassic[J].Tectonophysics,2009,467:35-43.

[12]Allan U S.Model for hydrocarbon migration and entrapment within faulted structures[J].AAPG Bulletin,1989,73(7):803-811.

[13]管穆兰，库国正，尹哲,等.白音查干凹陷构造沉降充填演化与油气关系[J].大庆石油地质与开发，2005，24（3）:7-10.

Guan Mulan,Ku Guozheng,Yin Zhe,et al.Relationship between structural subsidence filling evolution and hydrocarbon in Baiyinchagan depression[J].Petroleum Geology and Oilfield Development in Daqing，2005，24（3）:7-10.

[14]于俊吉,罗群,张多军,等.北部湾盆地海南福山凹陷断裂特征及其对油气成藏的控制作用[J].石油实验地质,2004,26(3):241-248.

Yu Junji,Luo Qun,Zhang Duojun,et al.Characteristics of faults in the Fushan Depression of Hainan,the Beibuwan basin and their controlling roles to hydrocarbon pool-formation[J].Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2004,26(3):241-248.

[15]李春荣,刘豪,辛仁臣,等.郯庐断裂活动对渤海东南部油气成藏的控制作用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2011,30(2):6-11.

Li Chunrong,Liu Hao,Xin Rencheng,et al.Dominating action of Tanlu Fault activity on hydrocarbon accumulation in the southeast of Bohai sea area[J].Petroleum Geology and Oilfield Development in Daqing，2011,30(2):6-11.

[16]Lezzar K E,Tiercelin J J,Turdu C L,et al.Control of normal fault interaction on the distribution of major Neogene sedimentary depocenters,Lake Tanganyika,East African rift[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(6):1027-1059.

[17]Davies S J,Dawers N H,McLeod A E,et al.The structural and sedimentological evolution of early synrift successions:the Middle Jurassic Tarbert Formation，North Sea[J].Basin Research,2000,12:343-365.

[18]朱伟林,吴国暄,黎明碧.南海北部陆架北部湾盆地古湖泊与烃源条件[J].海洋与湖沼,2004,35(1):8-14.

Zhu Weilin,Wu Guoxuan,Li Mingbi.Palaeolimology and hydrocarbon potential in Beibu Gulf Basin of South China Sea[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2004,35(1):8-14.

[19]张功成.渤海海域构造格局与富生烃凹陷分布[J].中国海上油气（地质），2000，14（2）：93-98.

Zhang Gongcheng.Tectonic framework and prolific hydrocarbon Depressions in Bohai Bay[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology),2000，14（2）：93-98.

[20]黄正吉，龚再升，孙玉梅,等.中国近海新生代陆相烃源岩与油气生成[M].北京：石油工业出版社，2011：61-74.

Huang Zhengji,Gong Zaisheng,Sun Yumei,et al.Continental hydrocarbon rock and hydrocarbon generation of China offshore in Cenozoic[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2011:61-74.

[21]罗群，庞雄奇.海南福山凹陷顺向和反向断裂控藏机理及油气聚集模式[J].石油学报,2008,29(3):363-367.

Luo Qun,Pang Xiongqi.Reservoir controlling mechanism and petroleum accumulation model for consequent fault and antithetic fault in Fushan Depression of Hainan area[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(3):363-367.

[22]Ferrill D A,Morris A P,Stamatakos J A,et al.Crossing conjugate normal fault[J].AAPG Bulletin,2000,84(10):1543-1559.

[23]Prestholm E,Walderhaug O.Synsedimentary faulting in a Mesozoic deltaic sequence,Svalbard,Arctic Norway:fault geometries,faulting mechanisms and sealing properties[J].AAPG Bulletin,2000,84(4):505-522.

[24]Yielding G,Overl J A,Byberg G.Characterization of fault zones for reservoir modeling:an example from the Gullfakes Field,Northern North Sea[J].AAPG Bulletin,1999,83(6):925-951.

[25]Hooper E C D.Fluid migration along growth faults incompacting sediments[J].Journal of Petroleum Geology,1991,14(2):160-190.

[26]武芳芳,朱光有,张水昌,等.塔里木盆地油气输导体系及对油气成藏的控制作用[J].石油学报,2009,30(3):332-341.

Wu Fangfang,Zhu Guangyou,Zhang Shuichang,et al.Types of hydrocarbon migration pathways and its controlling effects on hydrocarbon distribution in Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(3):332-341.

[27]孟繁有.断裂输导特征及对油气成藏与分布的控制作用[J].大庆石油地质与开发，2008，27（6）:1-4.

Meng Fanyou.Characteristics of fracture transportation and their controlling action on petroleum reservoir formation and distribution[J].Petroleum Geology and Oilfield Development in Daqing，2008，27（6）:1-4.

北部湾盆地断裂构造特征及其对油气的控制作用

Characteristics of fault structure and its control on hydrocarbons in the Beibuwan Basin

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	杨海军, 李勇, 唐雁刚, 雷刚林, 周鹏, 周露, 许安明, 郇志鹏, 朱文慧, 陈维力, 胡春雷, 杨敬博. 塔里木盆地克深气田成藏条件及勘探开发关键技术[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(3): 399-414.
[2]	宋明水. 胜坨油田成藏条件及勘探开发关键技术[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(1): 128-142.
[3]	马钰凯, 孙永河, 马妍, 姜文亚, 孙旭. 渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷构造演化及断裂带成因[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(5): 526-539.
[4]	郭小文, 陈家旭, 袁圣强, 何生, 赵建新. 含油气盆地激光原位方解石U-Pb年龄对油气成藏年代的约束——以渤海湾盆地东营凹陷为例[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(3): 284-291.
[5]	黄成刚, 张小军, 胡贵, 刘应如, 张希文, 张国辉, 李红哲, 吴梁宇. 高原咸化湖盆基底储层特征与成藏主控因素——以柴达木盆地东坪地区为例[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(2): 179-196.
[6]	鲁雪松, 赵孟军, 陈竹新, 李学义, 胡瀚文, 卓勤功. 准噶尔盆地南缘齐古油田油气成藏再认识及勘探启示[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(9): 1045-1058,1115.
[7]	庞礴, 董月霞, 陈迪, 庞雄奇. 含油气盆地砂岩目的层油气富集主控因素与基本模式——以渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷新近系砂岩油气藏为例[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(5): 519-531.
[8]	蔡少武, 周东红, 王德英, 张京思, 张震, 李颖. 渤海湾盆地秦南凹陷构造发育特征与有利勘探方向[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(5): 532-541.
[9]	李友川, 兰蕾, 王柯, 杨永才. 北部湾盆地流沙港组湖相烃源岩的差异[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(12): 1451-1459.
[10]	汪旭东, 张向涛, 林鹤鸣, 阙晓铭, 贺勇, 贾连凯, 肖张波, 李敏. 珠江口盆地陆丰13洼陷中央背斜带地质构造特征及对油气成藏的控制作用[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(1): 56-66.
[11]	文志刚, 李威, 窦立荣, 张光亚, 程顶胜, 杜业波, 胡瑛, 王利. Bongor盆地Baobab地区潜山油气成藏期次[J]. 石油学报, 2018, 39(8): 869-875.
[12]	刘建良, 刘可禹, 姜振学, 邢金艳. 库车前陆盆地玉东地区白垩系油气成藏过程[J]. 石油学报, 2018, 39(6): 620-630.
[13]	张江涛, 吴奎, 王冰洁, 何京, 康琳. 渤海海域辽西凸起北段新生代构造演化的磷灰石裂变径迹证据[J]. 石油学报, 2018, 39(11): 1262-1271.
[14]	庞雄奇, 陈君青, 李素梅, 庞宏, 陈践发, 赵正福. 塔里木盆地特大型海相油田原油来源——来自深部低TOC烃源岩的证据与相对贡献评价[J]. 石油学报, 2018, 39(1): 23-41,91.
[15]	邓运华, 薛永安, 于水, 刘春成. 浅层油气运聚理论与渤海大油田群的发现[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(1): 1-8.