岩石中波传播速度频散与衰减

doi:10.7623/syxb201202024

石油学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 332-342.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201202024

• 综述 • 上一篇

岩石中波传播速度频散与衰减

王海洋 1　孙赞东 1　Mark CHAPMAN 2

1中国石油大学地质地球物理综合研究中心　北京　102249；2 英国爱丁堡大学地球科学学院　爱丁堡　EH89YL

收稿日期:2011-07-22 修回日期:2011-10-08 出版日期:2012-03-25 发布日期:2012-05-17
通讯作者: 王海洋
作者简介:王海洋，男，1986年9月生，2008年毕业于中国石油大学（华东），现为中国石油大学（北京）在读博士研究生，主要从事地震岩石物理和频率域反演算法研究。
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展规划（973）项目( 2011CB201100)和国家重大科技专项(2011ZX05004-003)资助。

Velocity dispersion and attenuation of seismic wave propagation in rocks

WANG Haiyang 1　SUN Zandong(Sam) 1　Mark CHAPMAN 2

Received:2011-07-22 Revised:2011-10-08 Online:2012-03-25 Published:2012-05-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

速度频散与衰减是地震岩石物理领域一个前沿性问题，它不仅是开展频率域储层及流体预测的关键理论基础，同时也是解决不同地球物理测量方法（地面地震、VSP、测井、超声波岩心观测等）之间数据匹配困难的重要手段。笔者在阐述速度频散和衰减现象基本特征的基础上，详细回顾了Biot模型、喷射流模型、BISQ模型、双孔模型、裂缝孔隙微结构模型和斑块饱和模型等6种主要速度频散与衰减理论模型的研究进程、原理和限制性，利用示意图直观地描述了这些模型的机制，并给出了它们各自的高低频极限、特征频率和适用条件。同时系统回顾并分析了国内外半个多世纪来速度频散与衰减实验测量技术的发展进程和应用现状，并在实验测量数据的基础上给出了自己对地球物理测量手段、岩石物理模型与频率相关性方面的思考和认识，即有必要将单频带的岩石物理模型拓展到全频带,并基于此将不同频带地球物理手段的测量数据联系起来,实现在同一尺度下的综合应用。

关键词: 速度频散, 衰减, 频散模型, 频散测量, 高低频极限

Abstract:

A velocity dispersion and attenuation phenomenon is a frontier subject in seismic rock physics. It is not only a key theoretical fundament for reservoir and fluid prediction in the frequency domain but also a crucial technique to solve the data-matching problem of different geophysical measurements, such as surface seismic method, vertical seismic profiling (VSP), well logging, laboratory ultrasonic core observation etc. Based on elaborating characteristics of this phenomenon, we reviewed in detail the progress in development, principles and limitations of six typical velocity dispersion and attenuation models including Biot, Squirt-flow, Biot-Squirt (BISQ), double-porosity, crack-pore microstructure and patchy saturation models, visually depicted mechanisms of these models using schematic diagrams, and at the same time deduced their respective high- and low-frequency limits, characteristic frequencies and applicable conditions. The paper systematically analyzed the development course and current research status of various experimental techniques adopted both at home and abroad over the past half century, and some thoughts and cognition on the relativity of frequency either with geophysical measurement techniques or with petrophysical models were put forward on the basis of various experimental data. Obviously, it is necessary to extend the applicable frequency of petrophysical models from single frequency to full frequency, which can link various geophysical measured data at different frequency bands together, thus realizing their integrated applications on the same scale.

Key words: velocity dispersion, attenuation, dispersion model, dispersion measurement, high-and low-frequency limit

王海洋　孙赞东　Mark CHAPMAN. 岩石中波传播速度频散与衰减[J]. 石油学报, 2012, 33(2): 332-342.

WANG Haiyang　SUN Zandong(Sam)　Mark CHAPMAN. Velocity dispersion and attenuation of seismic wave propagation in rocks[J]. Editorial office of ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2012, 33(2): 332-342.

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岩石中波传播速度频散与衰减

Velocity dispersion and attenuation of seismic wave propagation in rocks

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