The tight oil refers to an oil that accumulates in source rocks in a free or adsorbed state or in tight sandstones and carbonates interbedded with or adjacent to source rocks. Generally, this oil accumulation has not yet experienced a large-scale, long-distance migration. Based on the clarity of the tight oil concept and connotation, we proposed ten key indices to evaluate the tight oil. Tight oil reservoirs can be generally divided into 3 different types based on porosity and permeability, while the tight oil itself can be also classified into 3 types depending on the genetic relationship of a close contact between tight reservoirs and source rocks, i.e. ①tight oil in lacustrine carbonate rocks; ②tight oil in deep-lake gravity flow sandstones and ③tight oil in deep-lake delta sandstones. The tight oil is widely distributed in China, currently, a number of important exploration discoveries of the tight oil have been achieved in the Triassic Chang-6 and Chang-7 sections of Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin, the Permian Lucaogou Formation in the Junggar Basin, the Middle-Lower Jurassic of the Sichuan Basin and the Cretaceous Qingshankou-Quantou Formation of the Songliao Basin. To expect the tight oil prospect in China, we preliminary forecast that the tight oil geological resources in China are about (106.7~111.5 ) ×108 t. Combined with the analysis of future prospects of petroleum development, we can come to a conclusion that the tight oil in China should be a realistic replacement resource of the conventional oil.
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