水合物钻探井筒多相流动及井底压力变化规律

doi:10.7623/syxb201205021

石油学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 881-886.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201205021

水合物钻探井筒多相流动及井底压力变化规律

高永海 1　孙宝江 1　赵欣欣 1　王志远 1　殷志明 2　王金波 1

1　中国石油大学石油工程学院　山东青岛　266580；2　中海油研究总院　北京　100027

收稿日期:2012-03-14 修回日期:2012-06-29 出版日期:2012-09-25 发布日期:2012-11-27
通讯作者: 高永海
作者简介:高永海，男，1977年 9月生， 2008年获中国石油大学（华东）油气井工程专业博士学位，现为中国石油大学（华东）副教授，研究方向为海洋石油工程、油气井流体力学与工程。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(No.50874116,No.51034007,No.51004113)、山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2009FQ005)、国家重大科技专项（2011ZX05026-001-02）和教育部创新团队项目（IRT1086）资助。

Multiphase flow in wellbores and variation laws of the bottom hole pressure in gas hydrate drilling

GAO Yonghai 1　SUN Baojiang 1　ZHAO Xinxin 1　WANG Zhiyuan 1　YIN Zhiming 2　WANG Jinbo 1

Received:2012-03-14 Revised:2012-06-29 Online:2012-09-25 Published:2012-11-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

天然气水合物钻探过程中，破碎后的水合物碎屑伴随钻井液上升到一定位置后开始分解，分解出的天然气使井筒流动变为复杂的多相流，导致井底压力预测困难，甚至可能引发井涌等复杂情况。针对这一问题，考虑水合物分解和相变热的影响，建立了水合物层钻井中的井筒多相流动模型和传热模型。通过对模型的求解，分析了水合物分解临界点和井底压力的变化规律。结果表明，降低钻速和钻井液入口温度，有助于抑制水合物分解，稳定井底压力；增大排量，水合物临界分解位置降低，整个井筒中气体体积分数较小，井底压力较稳定；适当提高钻井液密度控制井底压力能够有效抑制水合物分解。在水合物层钻井时，应对以上参数进行优化，以避免因水合物分解而引发的事故。

关键词: 水合物, 井底压力, 分解, 临界点, 多相流动

Abstract:

During the process of gas hydrate drilling, hydrate cuttings continuously rise along with drilling fluid and start to decompose at a certain position, the decomposed natural gas will change the wellbore flow into a complex multiphase flow, which makes it difficult to predict the bottom hole pressure and possibly arouses the occurrence of some complex situations, such as well kick. Aiming at these situations, we established models for wellbore multiphase flow and heat transfer in gas hydrate drilling by taking the effect of hydrate decomposition and the thermal effect of phase transition into consideration. Variation laws of critical points for hydrate decomposition and the bottom hole pressure were investigated through computation with the models. The result shows that the reduction in drilling rate and the inlet temperature of drilling fluids will help to restrain hydrate decomposition and stabilize the bottom hole pressure. Besides, the enhancement of delivery capacity will lower down the position of the hydrate decomposition critical point, yet with a lower gas volume fraction and a steady bottom hole pressure in the whole wellbore. Moreover, to control the bottom hole pressure by properly raising the mud density can restrain hydrate decomposition effectively. In order to avoid accidents resulting from hydrate decomposition, we should optimize the above-mentioned parameters while conducting gas hydrate drilling.

Key words: hydrate, bottom hole pressure, decomposition, critical point, multiphase flow

高永海　孙宝江　赵欣欣　王志远　殷志明　王金波. 水合物钻探井筒多相流动及井底压力变化规律[J]. 石油学报, 2012, 33(5): 881-886.

GAO Yonghai　SUN Baojiang　ZHAO Xinxin　WANG Zhiyuan　YIN Zhiming. Multiphase flow in wellbores and variation laws of the bottom hole pressure in gas hydrate drilling[J]. Editorial office of ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2012, 33(5): 881-886.

参考文献

[1]Barker J W,Gomez R K.Formation of hydrates during deepwater drilling operations[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology, 1989,41(3):297-301.

[2]Ebeltoft H,Yousif M,Soergaard E.Hydrate control during deep water drilling:overview and new drilling fluids[R].SPE 38567,1997.

[3]Brooks J M,Kennicutt M C,Fay R R，et al.Thermogenic gas hydrates in the Gulf of Mexico[J].Science,1984，225:409-411.

[4]MacDonald I R,Guinasso N L Jr,Sassen R，et al.Gas hydrate that breaches the sea floor on the continental slope of the Gulf of Mexico[J].Geology,1994，22(8):699-702.

[5]Hannegan D,Todd R J,Pritchard D M,et al. MPD:uniquely applicable to methane hydrate drilling[R].SPE 91560,2004.

[6]孙宝江，王志远，公培斌,等.深水井控的七组分多相流动模型[J].石油学报，2011,32（6）：1042-1049.

Sun Baojiang,Wang Zhiyuan,Gong Peibin,et al.Application of a seven-component multiphase flow model to deepwater well control[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32（6）：1042-1049.

[7]Romero J,Touboul E.Temperature prediction for deepwater wells:a field validated methodology[R].SPE 49056,1998.

[8]Kabir C S,Hasan A R,Kouba G E,et al.Determining circulating fluid temperature in drilling,workover,and well-control operations [J].SPE Drilling & Completion,1996,11(2):74-79.

[9]高永海，孙宝江，王志远,等.深水钻探井筒温度场的计算与分析[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版，2008,32(2):58-62.

Gao Yonghai,Sun Baojiang,Wang Zhiyuan,et al.Calculation and analysis of wellbore temperature field in deepwater drilling[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2008,32(2):58-62.

[10]Kim H C,Bishnoi P R，Heidemann R A,et al.Kinetics of methane hydrate decomposition[J].Chemical Engineering Science,1987,42(7):1645-1653.

[11]Jamaluddin A K M,Kalogerakis N ,Bishnoi P R.Modelling of decomposition of a synthetic core of methane gas hydrate by coupling intrinsic kinetics with heat transfer rates[J].The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering,1989,67(6):948-954.

[12]Handa Y P.Compositions,enthalpies of dissociation,and heat capacities in the range 85 to 270K for clathrate hydrates of methane,ethane,and propane,and enthalpy of dissociation of isobutane hydrate,as determined by a heat-flow calorimeter [J].The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics,1986,18(10):915-921.

[13]Loevois J S,Perkins R,Martin R J. Development of an automated,high pressure heat flux calorimeter and its application to measure the heat of dissociation and hydrate member of methane hydrate[J].Fluid Phase Equilibrium,1990,59:73-79.

[14]Rueff R M,Sloan E D,Yesavage V F.Heat capacity and heat of dissociation of methane hydrates[J].AIChE Journal, 1988,34(9):1468-1476.

[15]孙志高，樊栓狮，郭开华,等.天然气水合物分解热的确定[J].分析测试学报,2002,21(3):7-9.

Sun Zhigao,Fan Shuanshi,Guo Kaihua,et al.Determination of dissociation heat of natural gas hydrates[J].Journal of Instrumental Analysis,2002,21(3):7-9.

[16]Dalmazzone D,Dalmazzone C,Herzhaft B.Differential scanning calorimetry:a new technique to characterize hydrate formation in drilling muds[J].SPE Journal,2002,7(2):196-202.

[17]任韶然,刘建新,刘义兴,等.多孔介质中甲烷水合物形成与分解实验研究[J].石油学报，2009,30(4):583-587.

Ren Shaoran,Liu Jianxin,Liu Yixing,et al.Experimental study on formation and dissociation of methane hydrate in porous media[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(4):583-587.

[18]Dranchuk P M,Purvis R A,Robinson D B.Computer calculation of natural gas compressibility factors using the standing and katz correlation[R].SPE 73-112,1973.

[19]周英操,高德利,刘永贵.欠平衡钻井环空多相流井底压力计算模型[J].石油学报,2005,26（2）：96-99.

Zhou Yingcao,Gao Deli,Liu Yonggui.New model for calculating bottom hole pressure of multiphase flow in annulus of underbalanced straight well[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2005,26（2）：96-99.

水合物钻探井筒多相流动及井底压力变化规律

Multiphase flow in wellbores and variation laws of the bottom hole pressure in gas hydrate drilling

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	徐立涛, 何玉林, 石万忠, 梁金强, 王任, 杜浩, 张伟, 李冠华. 琼东南盆地深水区天然气水合物成藏主控因素及模式[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(5): 598-610.
[2]	孙嘉鑫, 张凌, 宁伏龙, 刘天乐, 方彬, 李彦龙, 刘昌岭, 蒋国盛. 天然气水合物藏增产研究现状与展望[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(4): 523-540.
[3]	周世琛, 郇筱林, 陈宇琪, 周博, 薛世峰, 公彬. 天然气水合物沉积物不排水剪切特性的离散元模拟[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(1): 73-83.
[4]	王辉, 周子钰, 周博, 薛世峰, 林英松. 颗粒抗滚动作用对水合物沉积物宏观及微观力学特性的影响[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(7): 885-894.
[5]	窦晓峰, 宁伏龙, 李彦龙, 刘昌岭, 孙嘉鑫, 李杨, 李晓东, 赵颖杰, 张凌, 刘乐乐. 基于连续-离散介质耦合的水合物储层出砂数值模拟[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(5): 629-642.
[6]	董长银, 宋洋, 周玉刚, 徐鸿志, 王剑, 刘亚宾, 王力智. 天然气水合物储层泥质细粉砂挡砂介质堵塞规律与微观挡砂机制[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(10): 1248-1258.
[7]	李占东, 刘建辉, 李中, 李阳, 张海翔, 王殿举, 庞鸿. 天然气水合物降压开采出砂定量预测新模型[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(S2): 160-167.
[8]	祝效华, 孙汉文, 赵金洲, 张烈辉, 张爽. 天然气水合物沉积物等效变弹性模量损伤本构模型[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(9): 1085-1094.
[9]	高永海, 孟文波, 崔燕春, 张崇, 陈野, 董钊, 孙金声, 孙宝江. 深水气井水合物沉积预测新模型[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(8): 975-982.
[10]	刘天乐, 郑少军, 王韧, 孙嘉鑫, 蒋国盛, 张凌, 孙慧翠, 宁伏龙. 固井水泥浆侵入对近井壁水合物稳定的不利影响[J]. 石油学报, 2018, 39(8): 937-946.
[11]	赵省民, 邓坚, 饶竹, 文志刚, 毕彩芹, 易立, 陆程, 刘晨. 漠河盆地浅部气体特征及对天然气水合物形成的意义[J]. 石油学报, 2018, 39(3): 266-277.
[12]	王韧, 宁伏龙, 刘天乐, 张凌, 孙慧翠, 彭力, 郭东东, 蒋国盛. 游离甲烷气在井筒内形成水合物的动态模拟[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(8): 963-972.
[13]	魏纳, 孙万通, 孟英峰, 周守为, 付强, 郭平, 李清平. 海洋天然气水合物藏钻探环空相态特性[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(6): 710-720.
[14]	石玉梅, 曹宏, 李宏兵, 宋建勇, 郭宏伟, 晏信飞, 李凌高. 多参数声学全波形反演及气藏检测[J]. 石油学报, 2016, 37(2): 214-221.
[15]	陈强, 刘昌岭, 邢兰昌, 胡高伟, 孟庆国, 孙建业, 金学彬. 孔隙水垂向不均匀分布体系中水合物生成过程的电阻率变化[J]. 石油学报, 2016, 37(2): 222-229.