压裂液破胶过程伤害微观机理

doi:10.7623/syxb201206013

石油学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 1018-1022.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201206013

压裂液破胶过程伤害微观机理

郭建春何春明

西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室四川成都 610500

收稿日期:2012-06-11 修回日期:2012-09-02 出版日期:2012-11-25 发布日期:2012-12-07
通讯作者: 郭建春
作者简介:郭建春，男，1970年9月生，1998年获西南石油大学博士学位，现为西南石油大学教授、博士生导师，主要从事油气藏增产理论与技术方面的科研教学工作。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(No.51074138)以及四川省青平科技创新研究团队资助计划（2011JTD0018）资助。

Microscopic mechanism of the damage caused by gelout process of fracturing fluids

GUO Jianchun HE Chunming

Received:2012-06-11 Revised:2012-09-02 Online:2012-11-25 Published:2012-12-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

水力压裂改造后的残渣伤害一直是制约压裂改造效果提高的关键问题。常规破胶实验以及导流能力实验结果表明，瓜胶压裂液破胶过程产生的不溶物会导致储层受到伤害，并通过实验进行了论证。利用激光粒度仪研究了破胶过程中瓜胶尺寸的变化，利用凝胶渗透色谱仪研究了破胶过程中瓜胶分子量及其分布的变化，发现氧化破胶剂对瓜胶分子尺寸以及分子量的有效降解能力较差;通过高效液相色谱仪研究了破胶过程中瓜胶分子结构变化，并对破胶后残渣分子结构进行了定性分析，结果表明，破胶反应初期侧链半乳糖离解速率远大于主链甘露糖离解速率，使得瓜胶分子内M/G值大幅度提高，分子溶解性降低。氧化类破胶剂难以使瓜胶分子完全降解以及破胶过程中瓜胶溶解性降低2方面因素综合作用是破胶过程水不溶物产生的根本原因。

关键词: 水力压裂, 瓜胶, 分子尺寸, 分子结构, 破胶过程伤害

Abstract:

Residue damage after hydraulic fracturing is always a key factor that impairs fracturing results. Through the observation of conventional gelout experiments and the analysis of conductivity test results, we proposed that the gelout process of guar-gum fracturing fluids may generate residues that can damage the conductivity of fractures in reservoirs. At first, we examined molecular size and weight changes during the gelout process using a laser particle size analyzer and a gel permeation chromatograph, and found that the oxidizing breaker was ineffective in degrading the molecular size and weight. Then, we studied variations in guar molecular structures and qualitatively analyzed residue structures during the gelout process using a high performance liquid chromatography. The results show that galactose dissociates more fast than mannose during the early gelout stage, leading to a substantial increase of the M/G ratio within guar gum and a decrease of molecular solubility. Two comprehensive factors that oxidizing breakers can’t degrade guar-gum molecules completely and the molecular solubility of guar gum decreases during a gelout process are the fundamental reasons that cause the generation of water-insoluble residues during the gelout process.

Key words: hydraulic fracturing, guar gum, molecular size, molecular structure, damage caused by gelout process

郭建春何春明. 压裂液破胶过程伤害微观机理[J]. 石油学报, 2012, 33(6): 1018-1022.

GUO Jianchun HE Chunming. Microscopic mechanism of the damage caused by gelout process of fracturing fluids[J]. Editorial office of ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2012, 33(6): 1018-1022.

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压裂液破胶过程伤害微观机理

Microscopic mechanism of the damage caused by gelout process of fracturing fluids

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