陆相盆地重质油成因类型及其稠变序列——以二连盆地为例

doi:10.7623/syxb201303008

石油学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (3): 479-488.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201303008

陆相盆地重质油成因类型及其稠变序列——以二连盆地为例

高日胜¹, 方杰¹, 王暾², 李文科¹, 杨春¹

1. 中国石油勘探开发研究院北京 100083;
2. 中国石化中原油田公司河南濮阳 457003

收稿日期:2012-10-05 修回日期:2013-01-12 出版日期:2013-05-25 发布日期:2013-04-09
通讯作者: 高日胜
作者简介:高日胜,男,1980年6月生, 2001年获石油大学(华东)学士学位,2005年获中国矿业大学工学硕士学位,现在中国石油勘探开发研究院工作,主要从事石油地质与勘探研究。 Email:gaorisheng@petrochina.com.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(No.40002008)资助。

Genetic types and densification series of heavy oils in non-marine basins: a case study on Erlian Basin

GAO Risheng¹, FANG Jie¹, WANG Tun², LI Wenke¹, YANG Chun¹

1. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Sinopec Zhongyuan Oilfield Company,Puyang 457003, China

Received:2012-10-05 Revised:2013-01-12 Online:2013-05-25 Published:2013-04-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

应用二连盆地重质油物性和地球化学分析资料,结合其他盆地重质油典型实例,系统阐述了重质油形成的主控因素。研究表明,重质油成因类型可分为原生重质油和次生重质油,前者来自有机质在热演化过程中所生成的未熟—低熟油,后者则是石油(常规油或普通重质油)进入储层聚集成藏后,由于保存条件差异,受各种稠变作用形成的高密度、高黏度重质油。重质油形成所经历的稠变作用主要包括生物降解、水洗、氧化、裂解致稠和运移-聚集分异等作用。在石油运移、聚集和保存阶段,上述多种稠变因素总是交织、叠加在一起,只有在某些特定地质环境下,单个稠变因素才表现得相对突出。多数盆地或地区重质油的形成以生物降解占主导作用,其次为氧化、水洗、裂解致稠以及运移-聚集分异等作用。基于二连盆地及其他盆地重质油黏度数据分析,归纳出重质油的稠变序列为,低成熟重质油(黏度100~500 mPa·s)、未成熟重质油(黏度500~1 000 mPa·s)、轻度生物降解重质油(黏度800~2 000 mPa·s)、中度生物降解重质油(黏度2 000~20 000 mPa·s)、重度生物降解重质油(黏度20 000~100 000 mPa·s)、超重度生物降解重质油(黏度大于100 000 mPa·s)。其中,轻度生物降解重质油为普通重质油;中度生物降解重质油达到普通重质油—特重质油;重度生物降解重质油为特重质油;超重度生物降解重质油为超重质油。

关键词: 重质油, 地球化学, 成因类型, 稠变序列, 陆相盆地

Abstract:

Based on the analyzing physical properties and geochemical characteristics of heavy oils from Erlian Basin and integrated with some typical cases of heavy oils from other basins, we discussed main controlling factors for the heavy oil formation and concluded that heavy oils can be generally divided into two kinds, the primary one and the secondary, the former generates from immature or low-maturity oils formed during the thermal evolution process of organic matter, while the latter is an oil with high density and viscosity that forms due to a variety of densification after a crude oil (conventional oil or ordinary heavy oil) migrates into a reservoir and accumulates under different preserved conditions. The densification includes mainly biodegradation, water washing, oxidation, pyrolysis and differentiation during migration and accumulation. In stages of oil migration, accumulation and preservation, a variety of densification mentioned above often mingles with each other. Only in some specific geological conditions, can a single densification factor be relatively prominent. In most basins or regions, biodegradation usually plays a dominate role during the formation of heavy oils, and is followed by oxidation, water washing, pyrolysis and differentiation during migration and accumulation. Based on the statistics of heavy oil data in this area, a densification series of heavy oils was summed up that low-maturity heavy oil (viscosity 100~500 mPa·s), immature heavy oil (viscosity 500~1 000 mPa·s) and slightly biodegraded heavy oil (viscosity 800~2 000 mPa·s) are ordinary heavy oils; while moderately biodegraded heavy oil (viscosity 2 000~20 000 mPa·s) is either an ordinary heavy oil or heavy mass oil; severely biodegraded heavy oil (viscosity 20 000~100 000 mPa·s) is a heavy mass oil; and super severely biodegraded heavy oil (viscosity>100 000 mPa·s) is an overweight mass oil.

Key words: heavy oil, geochemistry, genetic type, densification series, non-marine basin

中图分类号:

TE112.11

高日胜, 方杰, 王暾, 李文科, 杨春. 陆相盆地重质油成因类型及其稠变序列——以二连盆地为例[J]. 石油学报, 2013, 34(3): 479-488.

GAO Risheng, FANG Jie, WANG Tun, LI Wenke, YANG Chun. Genetic types and densification series of heavy oils in non-marine basins: a case study on Erlian Basin[J]. Editorial office of ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2013, 34(3): 479-488.

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陆相盆地重质油成因类型及其稠变序列——以二连盆地为例

Genetic types and densification series of heavy oils in non-marine basins: a case study on Erlian Basin

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