关键词: 石油地质学, 油气藏形成, 背斜理论, 复合盆地, 深层油气藏, 裂解气, 生物降解, 未成熟原油, 油气藏类型, 天然气区

Abstract: It is estimated that the demand for oil and gas in the world is developing at a low rate within 30 years.A necessary proportion of oil and gas in the development of energy in China should be maintained.For about 100 years,theory of petroleum geology has undergone 3 stages,and has made a great progress.With the increasing demand for petroleum,theory of petroleum geology is challenged by a series of theoretical problems.Based on the trend of development of petroleum geology.worldwide petroleum exploration,and on the geology and the development of petroleum geology in our country,9 theoretical articles are suggested,i.e.formation of oil and gas pool through many important structural stages,mechanism of formation of deep oil and gas pool,effective association of conditions for the formation of giant oil and gas pools,formation of highly thermally cracked gas pool,and that of heavy oil-bitumen deposit by microbial degradation,scale of accumulation of inmatured oil,zone(area)of nonstructural oil and gas accumulation,formation of natural gas provinces,control of geotectonics and deposition on the whole process of generation of oil and gas as well as on the formation of hydrocarbon and oil and gas pool,and control of cap rocks on the petroleum accumulation area as well as on the hydrocarbon phase and its distribution.