碱液侵蚀：一种泥页岩井壁失稳新机理

doi:10.7623/syxb201305021

石油学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 983-988.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201305021

碱液侵蚀：一种泥页岩井壁失稳新机理

俞杨烽, 康毅力, 游利军, 陈强, 杨斌

西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室四川成都 610500

收稿日期:2013-03-12 修回日期:2013-06-19 出版日期:2013-09-25 发布日期:2013-08-01
通讯作者: 康毅力,男,1964年2月生,1986年毕业于大庆石油学院,1998年获西南石油学院石油与天然气工程专业博士学位,现为西南石油大学新能源研究中心副主任、教授、博士生导师,主要从事油气田开发地质学、储层保护理论与技术、非常规天然气开发研究。Email:cwctkyl@vip.sina.com
作者简介:俞杨烽,男,1984年11月生,2007年获西南石油大学学士学位,现为西南石油大学博士研究生,主要从事页岩气开发及井壁稳定、储层保护理论与技术研究。Email:yuyangfeng36@yahoo.com.cn
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2010CB226705)和国家重大科技专项(2011ZX05018005-005)资助。

Alkali corrosion：a new mechanism of shale borehole instability

YU Yangfeng, KANG Yili, YOU Lijun, CHEN Qiang, YANG Bin

State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China

Received:2013-03-12 Revised:2013-06-19 Online:2013-09-25 Published:2013-08-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

碱液不仅能增强黏土矿物的水化能力,而且对黏土矿物和石英等硅质矿物具有侵蚀作用。添加抑制剂或采用油基钻井液虽然可以有效抑制水化作用,但是高pH值钻井液的侵蚀作用仍可继续进行,从而可能导致泥页岩力学强度降低,故推测碱液侵蚀作用可能是导致泥页岩井壁失稳的原因之一。基于此认识,设计并开展了石英、黏土矿物和不同粒级页岩粉末样品的碱液侵蚀实验,结合扫描电镜(SEM)观察和岩石力学性质测试,探讨了碱液侵蚀对泥页岩结构和力学强度的影响。研究表明,在微米尺度范围内,当石英与黏土矿物粒径相当时,矿物碱液侵蚀序列为:蒙脱石>石英>高岭石>伊利石>绿泥石;泥页岩碱液侵蚀率受矿物组成和粒度控制,通常由黏土矿物主导;碱液侵蚀后,泥页岩产生大量侵蚀孔,结构变疏松,岩石抗压强度大幅下降。泥页岩碱液侵蚀作用,不仅在油基钻井液钻进时存在,而且在水基钻井液钻进中更加明显。因此,弱化并有效控制碱液侵蚀作用的程度及范围是控制泥页岩井壁失稳的重要方式之一。

关键词: 泥页岩, 黏土矿物, 碱, 钻井液, 井壁稳定, 岩石力学, 机理

Abstract:

Lye can not only enhance the hydration capacity of clay minerals, but also corrode silicoide such as clay minerals and quartz. Although adding inhibitors or using oil-based drilling fluid may effectively inhibit the hydration clay minerals, alkali corrosion of drilling fluid with high pH value remains going on, which may lead to the mechanical strength of shale weakening. Thus, it was speculated that alkali corrosion is one of the reasons leading to borehole instability of shale. Herein, an alkali corrosion experiment on quartz, clay minerals and shale with different grain size was designed and conducted, and combined with SEM analysis and rock mechanics measurements, we also explored alkali corrosion effects on shale rock structures and mechanical strength were studieel. The results showed that when the grain size of quartz and clay minerals is equivalent at micron scale, the alkali corrosion order of minerals is montmorillonite>quartz>kaolinite>illite>chlorite. In addition, the alkali corrosion rate of shale is controlled by mineral compositions and grain size, usually dominated by clay minerals. Under alkali corrosion, shale can produce a large number of corroded pores, consequently, its rock structure becomes loose and the compressive strength decreases significantly. Shale alkali corrosion occurs not only in oil-based drilling fluid during drilling, but also more evidently in water-based drilling fluid during drilling. So, weakening and effectively controlling the degree and range of alkali corrosion are one of the important ways of controlling shale borehole instability.

Key words: shale, clay mineral, alkali, drilling fluid, borehole stability, rock mechanics, mechanism

中图分类号:

TE21

俞杨烽, 康毅力, 游利军, 陈强, 杨斌. 碱液侵蚀：一种泥页岩井壁失稳新机理[J]. 石油学报, 2013, 34(5): 983-988.

YU Yangfeng, KANG Yili, YOU Lijun, CHEN Qiang, YANG Bin. Alkali corrosion：a new mechanism of shale borehole instability[J]. Editorial office of ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2013, 34(5): 983-988.

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碱液侵蚀：一种泥页岩井壁失稳新机理

Alkali corrosion：a new mechanism of shale borehole instability

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