鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组陆相烃源岩中角质体组分新认识及生烃贡献

doi:10.7623/syxb201705005

石油学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 525-532,606.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201705005

鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组陆相烃源岩中角质体组分新认识及生烃贡献

张明震¹, 吉利明¹, 杜宝霞², 周世新¹, 陈永欣¹

1. 甘肃省油气资源研究重点实验室/中国科学院油气资源研究重点实验室中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院甘肃兰州 730000;
2. 兰州大学地质科学与矿产资源学院甘肃省西部矿产资源重点实验室甘肃兰州 730000

收稿日期:2016-09-19 修回日期:2017-02-21 出版日期:2017-05-25 发布日期:2017-06-07
通讯作者: 张明震,男,1984年10月生,2008年获济南大学学士学位,2014年获兰州大学理学博士学位,现为中国科学院兰州油气资源研究中心助理研究员,主要从事石油天然气地质与地球化学研究。Email:zhangmzh08@lzb.ac.cn
作者简介:张明震,男,1984年10月生,2008年获济南大学学士学位,2014年获兰州大学理学博士学位,现为中国科学院兰州油气资源研究中心助理研究员,主要从事石油天然气地质与地球化学研究。Email:zhangmzh08@lzb.ac.cn
基金资助:
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（XDB10010103）、国家自然科学基金项目（No.41602023，No.41402007）、甘肃省自然科学基金项目（1506RJYA284）与甘肃省重点实验室专项（KFJJ2015-06，135CCJJ20160509）资助。

New understanding to the cutinite from source rocks of Triassic Yanchang Formation and its hydrocarbon-generation contribution

Zhang Mingzhen¹, Ji Liming¹, Du Baoxia², Zhou Shixin¹, Chen Yongxin¹

1. Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resource, Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources/Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Gansu Lanzhou 730000, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources in Western China(Gansu Province);School of Earth Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu Lanzhou 730000, China

Received:2016-09-19 Revised:2017-02-21 Online:2017-05-25 Published:2017-06-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

陆相烃源岩有机显微组分中，已经证明来源于高等植物的角质体、孢粉体以及木栓体等组分具有较高的生烃能力。但以往研究均认为这些组分在干酪根组分中含量极低。针对鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组烃源岩进行了详细干酪根显微组分研究，发现一类国际上称为凝胶化木质碎片的组分，而国内被称为富氢镜质体，或荧光镜质体，在总组分中的含量较高。该组分在透射光显微镜下呈厚实的亮黄色光泽，蓝光激发下呈弱黄色荧光，并且部分体积较大的颗粒具有植物叶片气孔结构，指示其可能来源于角质层未脱离的植物叶片器官。同时还针对完整化石叶片进行热模拟实验，发现具有较高的产烃率，这表明该类有机体具有一定的生烃能力、与相对富氢的角质体是同一生物组织母源，因此应属于壳质组的范畴，而不属于以高等植物木质纤维为母源的镜质体，在这里称之为凝胶化角质体。包括植物叶片在内的高等植物组织的生物总量巨大，构成湖泊沉积有机质输入的主要来源，所产生的这类凝胶化角质体可能对湖相烃源岩具有重要生烃贡献。特别是继二叠系-三叠系大灭绝之后，三叠纪松柏类植物大爆发，这类植物叶片表面附着有厚实角质层，产生的大量凝胶化角质体可能对延长组石油的形成具有重要贡献。这一发现，从生物母质来源上奠定了高等植物对延长原油具有重要贡献的理论基础。

关键词: 干酪根, 凝胶化角质体, 生烃潜力, 陆相烃源岩, 延长组

Abstract:

Based on researches on the organic macerals of terrestrial source rocks, it is generally considered that the parent materials of high plants make important contributions. At present, it has been proven that the cutinite, palynomorph and suberin from high plants have high hydrocarbon-generation potential. However, previous studies all indicate such components with very low content in kerogen macerals. Concerning this issue, a detailed research was carried out on kerogen macerals of the source rocks in Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos. It has been found that the component, which is called gelatinized particles in the world while hydrocarbon-rich vitrinite or fluorescent vitrinite in China, has a high content of total components. This component is characterized by thick luminous yellow color under a transmitted light microscope, but showing weak yellow fluorescence under blue light excitation; meanwhile, some bulky particles have leaf stomata structures, indicating it may be sourced from leaf organs with cutinite. Moreover, a thermal simulation experiment was conducted on complete fossil leaves, and a high hydrocarbon generation rate was obtained, thus proving that such organisms have a certain hydrocarbon generation potential, and also the same parent source of biological tissue to the cutinites relatively rich in hydrocarbon. Therefore, such organisms belong to the exinite, rather than the vitrinite with the lignocelluloses of high plants as parent source, called the gelatinized cutinite herein. The high plant tissues including leaves have massive biomass, and is the main source for lacustrine sedimentary organic input. The generated gelatinized cutinite might make great contributions to hydrocarbon generation in lacustrine source rocks. Especially, the Triassic conifers were blooming after the Permian-Triassic mass extinction. This kind of plants have thick cuticle on leaf surface, and the large amount of gelified cutinite generated might provide important contributions to oil generation of Yanchang Formation. This finding lays a theoretical foundation for high plants with great contributions to Yanchang crude oil from the perspective of biological parent material.

Key words: kerogen, gelified cutinite, hydrocarbon generation potential, terrestrial source rock, Yanchang Formation

中图分类号:

TE122.1

张明震, 吉利明, 杜宝霞, 周世新, 陈永欣. 鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组陆相烃源岩中角质体组分新认识及生烃贡献[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(5): 525-532,606.

Zhang Mingzhen, Ji Liming, Du Baoxia, Zhou Shixin, Chen Yongxin. New understanding to the cutinite from source rocks of Triassic Yanchang Formation and its hydrocarbon-generation contribution[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2017, 38(5): 525-532,606.

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鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组陆相烃源岩中角质体组分新认识及生烃贡献

New understanding to the cutinite from source rocks of Triassic Yanchang Formation and its hydrocarbon-generation contribution

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