石油学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 544-554.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201705007

• 地质勘探 • 上一篇    下一篇

虚源成像观测系统设计方法

乔宝平1,2, 胡天跃2, 冯玮2, 曹成寅1, 潘自强1   

  1. 1. 中核集团核工业北京地质研究院 北京 100029;
    2. 北京大学地球与空间科学学院 北京 100871
  • 收稿日期:2016-11-13 修回日期:2017-03-13 出版日期:2017-05-25 发布日期:2017-06-07
  • 通讯作者: 乔宝平,男,1985年5月生,2009年获中国石油大学(华东)勘查技术与工程专业学士学位,2014年获北京大学固体地球物理学专业博士学位,现为中核集团核工业北京地质研究院高级工程师,主要从事井中地震及干涉法成像方面的研究工作。Email:yesong000@126.com
  • 作者简介:乔宝平,男,1985年5月生,2009年获中国石油大学(华东)勘查技术与工程专业学士学位,2014年获北京大学固体地球物理学专业博士学位,现为中核集团核工业北京地质研究院高级工程师,主要从事井中地震及干涉法成像方面的研究工作。Email:yesong000@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2013CB228602)、国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2013AA064202)和中核集团龙腾二期重大专项资助。

Design method of observation system based on virtual-source imaging

Qiao Baoping1,2, Hu Tianyue2, Feng Wei2, Cao Chengyin1, Pan Ziqiang1   

  1. 1. CNNC Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology, Beijing 100029, China;
    2. School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  • Received:2016-11-13 Revised:2017-03-13 Online:2017-05-25 Published:2017-06-07

摘要:

虚源成像法可以避开地形起伏和复杂上覆地层对深部地质目标体的影响,提高地震勘探的分辨率和保真度。为了提高虚源成像的质量,在射线分析的基础上,给出了单层水平介质条件下虚源成像观测系统设计的定量表达式,从运动学的角度解释了固定相位点的物理意义,即满足反射波入射角等于直达波入射角的炮检点空间分布。同时,提出了调谐采样间隔的概念,为反射波信息准确重构的定量评价提供了一种有效方法。在此基础上,研究了不同参数对虚源成像质量的影响,其中介质速度和检波点的埋藏深度对成像质量有较大影响,而地质目标体的埋藏深度以及检波点间距对成像质量影响较小。数值试验的结果表明,随着介质速度和检波点埋藏深度的不断增大,调谐采样间隔不断增大,炮间距的选择范围也随之不断增大,进而为虚源成像地震数据采集提供更加高效保真的设计方案。

关键词: 地震干涉, 观测系统, 固定相位, 调谐采样, 成像质量

Abstract:

The virtual-source imaging method is able to avoid the influence of topography and complex overlying layers on deep geological targets and improve the resolution and fidelity of seismic exploration. To improve the quality of virtual-source imaging, based on ray analysis, the quantitative expression for observation system design of virtual-source imaging is given under the conditions of single-layer horizontal medium in this study, so as to interpret the physical meaning of stationary phase point from the perspective of kinematics, i.e., the space distribution of shot-receiver points with the incident angle of reflected wave equal to that of direct wave. Meanwhile, the concept of tuning sampling interval is proposed to offer an efficient method for quantitatively analyzing the accurate reconstruction of reflected wave information. On this basis, the influences of different parameters on virtual-source imaging quality are studied; the medium velocity and buried depth of receivers have a major influence on imaging quality, while the buried depth of geological targets and the shot receiver interval have a minor influence on imaging quality. The results of numerical experiment show that the tuning sampling interval increases gradually with the constant increasing of medium velocity and buried depth of receiver, which enlarges the selection range of shot interval and further supplies the design scheme with high efficiency and fidelity for the acquisition of seismic data based on virtual-source imaging.

Key words: seismic interferometry, observation system, stationary phase, tuning sampling, imaging quality

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