砂岩储层烃类不混溶包裹体特征、成因及地质意义

doi:10.7623/syxb201707004

石油学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (7): 763-776.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201707004

砂岩储层烃类不混溶包裹体特征、成因及地质意义

苏奥¹, 陈红汉¹, 吴悠², 熊万林³, 刘妍鷨¹, 蔡李梅⁴

1. 中国地质大学构造与油气资源教育部重点实验室湖北武汉 430074;
2. 长江大学地球科学学院湖北武汉 430100;
3. 中海石油(中国)有限公司深圳分公司广东广州 510240;
4. 中国石油化工股份有限公司西南油气分公司四川成都 610041

收稿日期:2016-11-28 修回日期:2017-05-28 出版日期:2017-07-25 发布日期:2017-08-10
通讯作者: 陈红汉,男,1962年9月生,1985年获武汉地质学院学士学位,1995年获中国地质大学(武汉)博士学位,现为中国地质大学(武汉)资源学院石油地质系教授、博士生导师,主要从事油气成藏过程与流体包裹体系统分析。Email:hhchen@cug.edu.cn
作者简介:苏奥,男,1989年12月生,2011年获中国地质大学(武汉)学士学位,2014年获中国地质大学(武汉)硕士学位,现为中国地质大学(武汉)博士研究生,主要从事盆地流体地质、油气成藏、有机地球化学和地震解释研究。Email:suao446@163.com
基金资助:
国家重大科技专项（2011ZX05023-004-010）和国家重点基础研究发展计划（973）项目（2012CB214804）资助。

Characteristics,genesis and geological significance of natural hydrocarbon immiscible inclusions in sandstone reservoirs

Su Ao¹, Chen Honghan¹, Wu You², Xiong Wanlin³, Liu Yanhua¹, Cai Limei⁴

1. Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resource of the Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Hubei Wuhan 430074, China;
2. Faculty of Earth Science, Yangtze University, Hubei Wuhan 430100, China;
3. Shenzhen Branch, CNOOC China Limited, Guangdong Guangzhou 510240, China;
4. Sinopec Southwest Oil & Gas Company, Sichuan Chengdu 610041, China

Received:2016-11-28 Revised:2017-05-28 Online:2017-07-25 Published:2017-08-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了系统研究储层中鲜有关注却较为普遍检测到的一种包裹体类型——烃类不混溶包裹体，采集了多个沉积盆地的大量砂岩样品，利用包裹体岩相学、显微荧光、显微测温、包裹体气液比和水油比检测等一系列手段，研究了天然形成的烃类不混溶包裹体特征与成因：①油气不混溶包裹体为天然气气侵原油，因压力变化引起的油气相态分离而非均一捕获形成，具有异常高均一温度和变化的气液比与捕获相态；②沥青-油和（或）气不混溶包裹体成因是油包裹体被均一捕获后热裂解、气相逃逸或者油藏水洗、生物降解、气侵和热裂解等生成的沥青与油（气）非均一捕获，前者具有相似的沥青含量，后者沥青从不含到富有均有分布；③包裹式水膜和与水相呈分离式接触的水-烃包裹体反映油气充注储层驱替地层水的过程，微量水对均一温度影响甚微；④薄油膜的油-水包裹体反映水与烃类流体的相互作用，指示古油藏破坏而残余油与地层水非均一捕获或以生气为主的超压沉积盆地，携带轻烃的天然气溶解于水，"萃取油相"与地层水非均一捕获；⑤气-水不混溶包裹体表明储层中水溶气存在，具有异常高均一温度和变化的气液比，形成于压力变化引起的天然气与水的相分离过程。沉积盆地的有机质类型、构造和热演化历史，决定烃类流体的类型、成熟度、以及之间的相互作用、储层流体所处的温度和压力条件以及稳定性，这些从根本上控制着不混溶包裹体发育及类型。

关键词: 烃类不混溶包裹体, 非均一捕获, 不混溶体系, 成因, 相态分离

Abstract:

To systematically study the natural hydrocarbon immiscible inclusions able to be generally detected in the reservoirs but attracting less attention, massive sandstone samples were collected from multiple sedimentary basins. Based on a series of means, such as inclusion petrography, micro-fluorescence, micro-thermometry, inclusion gas/liquid ratio and water/oil ratio test, the characteristics and geneses of natural hydrocarbon immiscible inclusions were studied as below:(1) Oil-gas immiscible inclusions are natural gas-cut crude oil, formed by the oil-gas phase separation due to pressure variation rather than the homogeneous capture, characterized by abnormally high homogenization temperature as well as the varying gas-liquid ratio and capture phase. (2) The bitumen-oil and (or) gas immiscible inclusions result from the inhomogeneous capture of bitumen and oil (gas) generated by thermal cracking, gas phase escape or reservoir water washing, biodegradation, gas cut and thermal cracking after the homogeneous capture of oil inclusions. The former has similar bitumen content, while the latter shows the bitumen content changing from absence to richness. (3) Hydrocarbon-water inclusions with separating contact between wrapping water film and water phase reflect the displacement process of formation water in oil and gas filling reservoirs. Trace water has little effect on homogenization temperature. (4) Oil-water inclusions with a thin oil film reveal that the interaction between water and hydrocarbon fluid, indicating paleo-oil reservoir destruction, inhomogeneous capture of residual oil and formation water, or overpressure sedimentary basin dominated by gas generation, dissolution of the natural gas carrying light hydrocarbon in water, and inhomogeneous capture of "extracted oil phase" and formation water. (5) Gas-water immiscible inclusions show the existence of water soluble gas in the reservoir with abnormally high homogenization temperature and varying gas-liquid ratio, derived from phase separation process between natural gas and water due to pressure change. Organic matter types, structure and thermal evolution history of sedimentary basin determine the type, maturity and interaction of hydrocarbon fluid, the temperature and pressure conditions of reservoir fluid and its stability, which fundamentally controls the development and types of immiscible inclusions.

Key words: hydrocarbon immiscible inclusions, inhomogeneous capture, immiscible system, genesis, phase separation

中图分类号:

TE122

苏奥, 陈红汉, 吴悠, 熊万林, 刘妍鷨, 蔡李梅. 砂岩储层烃类不混溶包裹体特征、成因及地质意义[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(7): 763-776.

Su Ao, Chen Honghan, Wu You, Xiong Wanlin, Liu Yanhua, Cai Limei. Characteristics,genesis and geological significance of natural hydrocarbon immiscible inclusions in sandstone reservoirs[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2017, 38(7): 763-776.

参考文献

[1] GOLDSTEIN R H,REYNOLDS T J.Systematics of fluid inclusions in diagenetic minerals[M].Tulsa:Society of Sedimentary Geology (SEPM),1994:1-199.
[2] PARNELL J.Potential of palaeofluid analysis for understanding oil charge history[J].Geofluids,2010,10(1/2):73-82.
[3] BODNAR R J.Petroleum migration in the Miocene Monterey Formation,California,USA:constraints from fluid inclusion studies[J].Mineralogical Magazine,1990,54(375):295-304.
[4] BURLEY S D,MULLIS J,MATTER A.Timing diagenesis in the Tartan reservoir (UK North Sea):constraints from combined cathodoluminescence microscopy and fluid inclusion studies[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,1989,6(2):98-120.
[5] 于志超,刘可禹,赵孟军,等.库车凹陷克拉2气田储层成岩作用和油气充注特征[J].地球科学,2016,41(3):533-545.
YU Zhichao,LIU Keyu,ZHAO Mengjun,et al.Characterization of diagenesis and the petroleum charge in Kela 2 gas field,Kuqa depression,Tarim Basin[J].Earth Science,2016,41(3):533-545.
[6] 苏奥,陈红汉.东海盆地西湖凹陷宝云亭气田油气成藏史——来自流体包裹体的证据[J].石油学报,2015,36(3):300-309.
SU Ao,CHEN Honghan.Accumulation history of Baoyunting gas field in the Xihu sag,East China Sea Basin:from evidence of fluid inclusions[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,36(3):300-309.
[7] 鲁子野,陈红汉,云露,等.塔中顺南缓坡奥陶系热流体活动与天然气成藏的耦合关系[J].地球科学,2016,41(3):487-498.
LU Ziye,CHEN Honghan,YUN Lu,et al.The coupling relationship between hydrothermal fluids and the hydrocarbon gas accumulation in Ordovician of Shunnan gentle slope,northern slope of Tazhong uplift[J].Earth Science,2016,41(3):487-498.
[8] 刘建良,姜振学,刘可禹,等.库车前陆盆地羊塔克地区流体包裹体特征及油气成藏过程[J].地球科学,2016,41(7):1188-1197.
LIU Jianliang,JIANG Zhenxue,LIU Keyu,et al.Fluid inclusion characteristics and hydrocarbon accumulation process of Yangtake area,Kuqa foreland basin[J].Earth Science,2016,41(7):1188-1197.
[9] EADINGTON P J,LISK M,KRIEGER F W.Identifying oil well sites,United States Patent 5543616[P].1996-08-06.
[10] 刘可禹,鲁雪松,桂丽黎,等.储层定量荧光技术及其在油气成藏研究中的应用[J].地球科学,2016,41(3):373-384.
LIU Keyu,LU Xuesong,GUI Lili,et al.Quantitative fluorescence techniques and their applications in hydrocarbon accumulation studies[J].Earth Science,2016,41(3):373-384.
[11] APLIN A C,MACLEOD G,LARTER S R,et al.Combined use of confocal laser scanning microscopy and PVT simulation for estimating the composition and physical properties of petroleum in fluid inclusions[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,1999,16(2):97-110.
[12] TEINTURIER S,PIRONON J,WALGENWITZ F.Fluid inclusions and PVTX modelling:examples from the Garn formation in well 6507/2-2,Haltenbanken,Mid-Norway[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2002,19(6):755-765.
[13] 刘华,蒋有录,卢浩,等.渤南洼陷流体包裹体特征与成藏期流体压力恢复[J].地球科学,2016,41(8):1384-1394.
LIU Hua,JIANG Youlu,LU Hao,et al.Restoration of fluid pressure during hydrocarbon accumulation period and fluid inclusion feature in the Bonan sag[J].Earth Science,2016,41(8):1384-1394.
[14] ROEDDER E.Fluid inclusions[M]//RIBBE H P.Reviews in Mineralogy.Washington,DC:Mineralogical Society of America,1984:1-644.
[15] 毛晨,吕新彪,陈超,等.内蒙古红彦镇地区山神府花岗岩熔融-流体包裹体特征及其成矿意义[J].地球科学,2016,41(1):139-152.
MAO Chen,LV Xinbiao,CHEN Chao,et al.Characteristics and metallogenic significance of melt-fluid inclusions of shanshenfu granite in the Hongyan area,Inner Mongolia[J].Earth Science,2016,41(1):139-152.
[16] GOLDSTEIN R H.Fluid inclusions in sedimentary and diagenetic systems[J].Lithos,2001,55(1/4):159-193.
[17] 刘德汉,肖贤明,熊永强.等.四川东部飞仙关组鲕滩气藏储层含自然硫不混溶包裹体及硫化氢成因研究[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,2006,36(6):520-532.
LIU Dehan,XIAO Xianming,XIONG Yongqiang,et al.Origin of natural sulphur-bearing immiscible inclusions and H₂S in oolite gas reservoir,eastern Sichuan[J].Science China Series D:Earth Sciences,2006,49(3):242-257.
[18] 卢焕章.流体不混溶性和流体包裹体[J].岩石学报,2011,27(5):1253-1261.
LU Huanzhang.Fluids immiscibility and fluid inclusions[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2011,27(5):1253-1261.
[19] 陈勇,葛云锦,周振柱.实验研究碳酸盐岩储层烃类包裹体不混溶捕获行为[J].地球化学,2011,40(6):536-544.
CHEN Yong,GE Yunjin,ZHOU Zhenzhu.Experimental study on trapping behavior of hydrocarbon-bearing immiscible inclusions in carbonate reservoirs[J]. Geochimica,2011,40(6):536-544.
[20] 房倩,徐怀民,周勇水,等.砂岩油藏油-气-水不混溶包裹体特征及成因[J].石油学报,2016,37(1):73-79.
FANG Qian,XU Huaiming,ZHOU Yongshui,et al.Characteristics and genesis of oil-gas-water immiscible inclusions in sandstone reservoirs[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(1):73-79.
[21] SU Ao,CHEN Honghan,WANG Cunwu,et al.Genesis and maturity identification of oil and gas in the Xihu sag,East China Sea Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2013,40(5):558-565.
[22] 刘华,蒋有录,徐浩清,等.东营凹陷民丰地区深层裂解气藏成因类型与成藏模式[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2012,42(6):1638-1646.
LIU Hua,JIANG Youlu,XU Haoqing,et al.Genetic types and accumulation model of the deep cracked gas pools of Minfeng area in Dongying sag[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2012,42(6):1638-1646.
[23] 刘洛夫,赵建章,张水昌,等.塔里木盆地志留系沥青砂岩的成因类型及特征[J].石油学报,2000,21(6):12-17.
LIU Luofu,ZHAO Jianzhang,ZHANG Shuichang,et al.Genetic types and characteristics of the Silurian asphaltic sandstones in Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2000,21(6):12-17.
[24] 苏奥,陈红汉,贺聪,等.琼东南盆地崖城区泄压带流体活动特征及成岩响应[J].石油学报,2016,37(10):1216-1230.
SU Ao,CHEN Honghan,HE Cong,et al.The characteristic of fluid activities and diagenetic responses of the pressure discharging zone in Yacheng area,Qiongdongnan Basin,South China Sea[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(10):1216-1230.
[25] 刘妍鷨,陈红汉,苏奥,等.从含油气检测来洞悉琼东南盆地东部发育始新统烃源岩的可能性[J]. 地球科学,2016,41(9):1539-1547.
LIU Yanhua,CHEN Honghan,SU Ao,et al.Eocene source rock determination in Qiongdongnan Basin,the South China Sea:a hydrocarbon detection perspective[J].Earth Science,2016,41(9):1539-1547.
[26] ROEDDER E.Fluid inclusion evidence for immiscibility in magrnatic direntiation[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1992,56(1):5-20.
[27] 卢焕章,范宏瑞,倪培,等.流体包裹体[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
LU Huanzhang,FAN Hongrui,NI Pei,et al.Fluid inclusion[M].Beijing:Science Press,2004.
[28] BODNAR R.Reequilibration of fluid inclusions[G]//SAMSON I,ANDERSON A,MARSHALL D.Fluid Inclusions:Analysis and Interpretation.Mineralogical Association of Canada,Short Course,2003,32:213-230.
[29] BOURDET J,PIRONON J,LEVRESSE G,et al.Petroleum type determination through homogenization temperature and vapour volume fraction measurements in fluid inclusions[J].Geofluids,2008,8(1):46-59.
[30] 平宏伟,陈红汉,宋国奇,等.单个油包裹体组分预测及其在油气成藏研究中的应用[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2012,37(4):815-824.
PING Hongwei,CHEN Honghan,SONG Guoqi,et al.Individual oil inclusion composition prediction and its application in oil and gas accumulation studies[J].Earth Science:Journal of China University of Geosciences,2012,37(4):815-824.
[31] 施伟军,席斌斌,秦建中,等.单体油气包裹体激光剥蚀在线成分分析技术——以塔河油田奥陶系储层为例[J].石油学报,2016,37(2):196-206.
SHI Weijun,XI Binbin,QIN Jianzhong,et al.Online laser ablation compositional analysis technique for single hydrocarbon inclusion:a case study of the Ordovician reservoirs in Tahe oilfield,Tarim Basin,NW China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(2):196-206.
[32] VOLK H,FUENTES D,FUERBACH N,et al.The first online analysis of petroleum from single inclusion using ultrafast laser ablation[J].Organic Geochemistry,2010,41(2):74-77.
[33] OKUBO S.Effects of thermal cracking of hydrocarbons on the homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions from the Niigata oil and gas fields,Japan[J].Applied Geochemistry,2005,20(2):255-260.
[34] HORSFIELD B,SCHENK H J,MILLS N,et al.An investigation of the in-reservoir conversion of oil to gas:compositional and kinetic findings from closed-system programmed-temperature pyrolysis[J].Organic Geochemistry,1992,19(1/3):191-204.
[35] LAFARGUE E.BARKER C.Effect of water washing on crude oil compositions[J].AAPG Bulletin,1988,73(3):263-276.
[36] PANG L S K,GEORGE S C,QUEZADA R A.A study of the gross compositions of oil-bearing fluid inclusions using high performance liquid chromatography[J].Organic Geochemistry,1998,29(5/7):1149-1161.
[37] BOURDET J,EADINGTON P,VOLK H,et al.Chemical changes of fluid inclusion oil trapped during the evolution of an oil reservoir:Jabiru-1A case study (Timor Sea,Australia)[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2012,36(1):118-139.
[38] NEDKVITNE T,KARLSEN D A,BJ? RLYKKE K,et al.Relationship between reservoir diagenetic evolution and petroleum emplacement in the Ula field,North Sea[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,1993,10(3):255-270.
[39] PIRONON J.Synthesis of hydrocarbon fluid inclusions at low temperature[J].American Mineralogist,1990,75(1/2):226-229.
[40] PIRONON J,BARRES O.Semi-quantitative FT-IR microanalysis limits:evidence from synthetic hydrocarbon fluid inclusions in sylvite[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1990,54(3):509-518.
[41] 曹剑,姚素平,胡文瑄,等.油气包裹体中水的检出及其意义[J].科学通报,2006,51(12):1583-1588.
CAO Jian,YAO Suping,HU wenxuan,et al.Detection of water in petroleum inclusions and its implications[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2006,51(12):1501-1507.
[42] MUNZ I A,JOHANSEN H,HOLM K,et al.The petroleum characteristics and filling history of the Froy field and the Rind discovery,Norwegian North Sea[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,1999,16(7):633-651.
[43] 张俊武,邹华耀,李平平,等.含烃盐水包裹体PVT模拟新方法及其在气藏古压力恢复中的应用[J].石油实验地质,2015,37(1):102-108.
ZHANG Junwu,ZOU Huayao,LI Pingping,et al.A new PVT simulation method for hydrocarbon-containing inclusions and its application to reconstructing paleo-pressure of gas reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2015,37(1):102-108.
[44] PRICE L C.Aqueous solubility of petroleum as applied to its origin and primary migration[J]. AAPG Bulletin,1976,61(2):213-244.
[45] XIE Yuhong,WANG Zhenfeng,TONG Chuanxin.Petroleum geology of Yacheng 13-1,the largest gas field in China's offshore region[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2008,25(4):433-444.
[46] 黄银涛,姚光庆,周锋德.莺歌海盆地黄流组浅海重力流砂体物源分析及油气地质意义[J].地球科学,2016,41(9):1526-1538.
HUANG Yingtao,YAO Guangqing,ZHOU Fengde.Provenance analysis and petroleum geological significance of shallow-marine gravity flow sandstone for Huangliu Formation of Dongfang area in Yinggehai Basin,the South China Sea[J].Earth Science,2016,41(9):1526-1538.
[47] MAO Shide,DUAN Zhenhao,ZHANG Dehui,et al.Thermodynamic modeling of binary CH₄-H₂O fluid inclusions[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2011,75(20):5892-5902.
[48] 李培军,陈红汉,唐大卿,等.塔里木盆地顺南地区中-下奥陶统NE向走滑断裂及其与深成岩溶作用的耦合关系[J].地球科学,2017,42(1):93-104.
LI Peijun,CHEN Honghan,TANG Daqing,et al.Coupling relationship between ne strike-slip faults and hypogenic karstification in Middle-Lower Ordovician of Shunnan area,Tarim Basin,Northwest China[J].Earth Science,2017,42(1):93-104.

砂岩储层烃类不混溶包裹体特征、成因及地质意义

Characteristics,genesis and geological significance of natural hydrocarbon immiscible inclusions in sandstone reservoirs

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	刘震, 朱茂林, 刘惠民, 李晓珂, 梁裳恣, 巩建强, 张鹏飞. 花岗岩风化壳储层形成机理及分布特征——以东营凹陷北带西段为例[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(2): 163-175.
[2]	唐华风, 王璞珺, 边伟华, 黄玉龙, 高有峰, 代晓娟. 火山岩储层地质研究回顾[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(12): 1744-1773.
[3]	侯志强, 张书平, 李军, 赵靖舟, 刘云, 田连辉, 仲晓, 陈梦娜, 徐泽阳. 西湖凹陷中部西斜坡地区超压成因机制[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(9): 1059-1068,1124.
[4]	王建民, 张三. 特低渗透砂岩油层钻井液侵入程度及影响[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(9): 1095-1103.
[5]	刘航宇, 田中元, 刘波, 郭睿, 石开波, 叶玉峰. 中东地区巨厚强非均质碳酸盐岩储层分类与预测——以伊拉克W油田中白垩统Mishrif组为例[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(6): 677-691.
[6]	杨海风, 王德英, 高雁飞, 王军, 李正宇, 钱赓. 渤海湾盆地盆缘洼陷新近系天然气成因与油气差异富集机理——以黄河口凹陷东洼为例[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(5): 509-518.
[7]	操应长, 杨田, 宋明水, 王艳忠, 马奔奔, 王健, 远光辉, 葸克来. 陆相断陷湖盆低渗透碎屑岩储层特征及相对优质储层成因——以济阳坳陷东营凹陷古近系为例[J]. 石油学报, 2018, 39(7): 727-743.
[8]	彭军, 韩浩东, 夏青松, 李斌. 深埋藏致密砂岩储层微观孔隙结构的分形表征及成因机理——以塔里木盆地顺托果勒地区柯坪塔格组为例[J]. 石油学报, 2018, 39(7): 775-791.
[9]	何登发, 邵东波, 崔永平, 包洪平, 开百泽, 傅定伍, 曹毓戈. 鄂尔多斯盆地西缘马家滩古隆起的厘定、成因及地质意义[J]. 石油学报, 2018, 39(6): 609-619.
[10]	赵靖舟, 李军, 徐泽阳. 沉积盆地超压成因研究进展[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(9): 973-998.
[11]	刘景东, 蒋有录, 张园园, 徐田武, 慕小水, 万涛. 东濮凹陷古近系致密砂岩气成因与充注差异[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(9): 1010-1020.
[12]	郝彬, 赵文智, 胡素云, 石书缘, 高平, 王铜山, 黄士鹏, 姜华. 川中地区寒武系龙王庙组沥青成因与油气成藏史[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(8): 863-875.
[13]	刘建强, 郑浩夫, 刘波, 刘红光, 石开波, 郭荣涛, 张学丰. 川中地区中二叠统茅口组白云岩特征及成因机理[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(4): 386-398.
[14]	胡志伟, 徐长贵, 杨波, 黄志, 宿雯. 渤海海域蓬莱9-1油田花岗岩潜山储层成因机制及石油地质意义[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(3): 274-285.
[15]	陈红汉, 米立军, 刘妍鷨, 韩晋阳, 孔令涛. 珠江口盆地深水区CO₂成因、分布规律与风险带预测[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(2): 119-134.