沁水煤层气田成藏条件及勘探开发关键技术

doi:10.7623/syxb201905012

石油学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 621-634.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201905012

沁水煤层气田成藏条件及勘探开发关键技术

宋岩¹, 马行陟², 柳少波², 姜林², 洪峰², 秦义³

1. 中国石油大学(北京)非常规油气科学技术研究院北京 102249;
2. 中国石油勘探开发研究院北京 100083;
3. 中国石油华北油田公司河北任丘 062552

收稿日期:2018-12-13 修回日期:2019-02-27 出版日期:2019-05-25 发布日期:2019-06-03
通讯作者: 宋岩,女,1957年10月生,1982年获华东石油学院学士学位,2003年获中国科学院博士学位,现为中国石油大学(北京)非常规油气科学技术研究院教授,长期从事天然气地质方面的研究工作。Email:sya@petrochina.com.cn
作者简介:宋岩,女,1957年10月生,1982年获华东石油学院学士学位,2003年获中国科学院博士学位,现为中国石油大学(北京)非常规油气科学技术研究院教授,长期从事天然气地质方面的研究工作。Email:sya@petrochina.com.cn
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展计划（973）项目（2009CB219600）和国家科技重大专项（2016ZX05003-002）资助。

Gas accumulation conditions and key exploration & development technologies in Qinshui coalbed methane field

Song Yan¹, Ma Xingzhi², Liu Shaobo², Jiang Lin², Hong Feng², Qin Yi³

1. Unconventional Oil and Gas Institute, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China;
2. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China;
3. PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Company, Hebei Renqiu 062552, China

Received:2018-12-13 Revised:2019-02-27 Online:2019-05-25 Published:2019-06-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

沁水盆地历经了油气普查和煤层气勘探开发2个阶段（共60余年）的探索，现已成为中国最大的煤层气产业化基地，也是世界上高煤阶含煤盆地煤层气成功实现商业化的典范。尽管高煤阶煤层气田具有低压力、低渗透率、低饱和度、非均质性强的"三低一强"特征，但勘探实践和研究表明，沁水盆地煤层气成藏条件优越，主力产层太原组15#煤层和山西组3#煤层为陆表海碳酸盐台地沉积体系及陆表海浅水三角洲沉积体系，煤层厚度大、多由腐殖煤类构成，主要含镜质组。受燕山期构造热事件影响，煤层煤阶高、吸附能力强、含气量大。煤层气成藏经历了两次生烃、气体相态转化和水动力控制顶、底板封闭的3个阶段。针对沁水盆地地形及高煤阶特征，形成了山地地震采集、处理和解释技术，丛式井钻完井技术，"复合V型"为主的多水平井钻完井技术，解堵性二次压裂增产技术，高煤阶煤层气排采控制工艺，煤层气集输技术等一系列关键勘探开发技术，有效支撑了沁水盆地高煤阶煤层气的规模开发和工业化发展。

关键词: 沁水盆地, 煤层气, 高煤阶, 成藏条件, 勘探开发技术

Abstract:

The Qinshui Basin has been explored for more than 60 years through two stages of oil and gas reconnaissance survey and exploration & development of coalbed methane (CBM), it has become the largest CBM industrialization base in China and also is a model which successfully realize commercialization of CBM of high rank coal-bearing basin in the world. Although the high-rank coal field is characterized by low pressure, low permeability, low saturation and strong heterogeneity, the exploration practice and research show that the accumulation conditions of CBM reservoir in Qinshui Basin are superior. As main productive intervals, No.15 coal seam of Taiyuan Formation and No.3 coal seam of Shanxi Formation respectively belong to the epicontinental-sea carbonate platform sedimentary system and the epicontinental-sea shallow-water delta sedimentary system. The coal seam has large thickness, and is mostly composed of humic coal and mainly contains vitrinite. Affected by tectonic thermal events in Yanshanian period, the coal rank is high, the adsorption capacity is strong, and the gas content is large. Formation of the CBM reservoir goes through three stages including two stages of hydrocarbon generation, gas phase transformation and sealing of hydrodynamics and roof and floor. In view of the characteristics of Qinshui Basin topography and the high rank coal, a series of key technologies for exploration and development are developed, including mountainous region seismic acquisition, processing and interpretation technology, drilling and completion technology of multiple wells, drilling and completion technology of multiple horizontal wells dominated by compound V type, deplugging secondary fracturing stimulation technology, control technology of high rank CBM drainage, and CBM gathering and transportation technology, which effectively supports the scale and industrialization development of high rank CBM in Qinshui Basin.

Key words: Qinshui Basin, coalbed methane, high rank, accumulation condition, exploration and development technology

中图分类号:

TE122

宋岩, 马行陟, 柳少波, 姜林, 洪峰, 秦义. 沁水煤层气田成藏条件及勘探开发关键技术[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(5): 621-634.

Song Yan, Ma Xingzhi, Liu Shaobo, Jiang Lin, Hong Feng, Qin Yi. Gas accumulation conditions and key exploration & development technologies in Qinshui coalbed methane field[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2019, 40(5): 621-634.

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沁水煤层气田成藏条件及勘探开发关键技术

Gas accumulation conditions and key exploration & development technologies in Qinshui coalbed methane field

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