不同类型断层控制油气垂向富集的差异——以渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷歧南斜坡区为例

doi:10.7623/syxb201908004

石油学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (8): 928-940.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201908004

不同类型断层控制油气垂向富集的差异——以渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷歧南斜坡区为例

褚榕^1,2, 刘海涛², 王海学¹, 姜文亚³, 付晓飞¹, 王琦¹, 刘世瑞¹

1. 东北石油大学地球科学学院黑龙江大庆 163318;
2. 中国石油勘探开发研究院北京 100083;
3. 中国石油大港油田公司勘探开发研究院天津 300280

收稿日期:2018-12-12 修回日期:2019-03-17 出版日期:2019-08-25 发布日期:2019-08-28
通讯作者: 王海学,男,1987年1月生,2009年获东北石油大学资源勘查工程专业学士学位,2016年获东北石油大学矿产普查与勘探专业博士学位,现为东北石油大学地球科学学院副教授,主要从事断层生长机制及控藏作用方面的研究。Email:wanghaixue116@163.com
作者简介:褚榕,女,1994年2月生,2016年获东北石油大学地球化学专业学士学位,现为东北石油大学地球科学学院硕士研究生,主要从事断裂分段生长机制及控藏机理方面的研究。Email:cr18346665707@163.com
基金资助:
黑龙江省青年科学基金项目（QC2018041）、中国石油天然气股份有限公司油气勘探重大科技项目（2016D-0702）、国家自然科学基金联合基金项目（No.U1562214）和"断裂构造变形机制与断圈有效性评价技术"创新团队项目（KYCXTD201803）资助。

Differences of vertical hydrocarbon enrichment controlled by different types of faults: a case study of Qi'nan slope of Qikou depression,Bohai Bay Basin

Chu Rong^1,2, Liu Haitao², Wang Haixue¹, Jiang Wenya³, Fu Xiaofei¹, Wang Qi¹, Liu Shirui¹

1. School of Earth Sciences, Northeast Petroleum University, Heilongjiang Daqing 163318, China;
2. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China;
3. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Dagang Oilfield Company, Tianjin 300280, China

Received:2018-12-12 Revised:2019-03-17 Online:2019-08-25 Published:2019-08-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

渤海湾盆地历经多期构造变动，断层圈闭发育普遍。断层作为断层圈闭的边界条件，在油气成藏过程中起着至关重要的作用。以断层圈闭较发育的歧南斜坡区为例分析了同向断层和反向断层控制油气垂向富集的差异，基于三维地震资料，从断层形成过程和断层圈闭分布出发，剖析了断层遮挡圈闭的成因及分布规律。结合油水分布规律，基于油藏解剖并应用储层定量荧光技术明确了不同类型断层控藏的差异及其形成机理。研究表明：①断层分段生长作用和断层上盘与下盘的差异活动是同向断层控制下断层遮挡圈闭形成的主要原因，斜坡区反向断层控制形成的断层圈闭则是断块掀斜翘倾作用所致；②同向断层圈闭发育在断层上盘分段点位置，只有当同向断层进入"硬连接"阶段方可形成断层圈闭，反向断层圈闭形成在断层下盘，在反向断层活动初期便可形成；③同向断层既可以控制油气在多套含油气系统中聚集成藏，也可在一套含油气系统中富集，而反向断层往往控制油气在一套含油气系统中富集；④不同类型断层控制油气垂向聚集的差异与圈闭发育位置以及断-盖配置有关。采用泥岩涂抹系数对沙河街组一段中部盖层控制的含油气系统的垂向调整进行定量评价，泥岩涂抹系数低于3.5时油气保存，泥岩涂抹系数高于3.5时油气垂向渗漏。

关键词: 渤海湾盆地, 同向断层, 反向断层, 断层分段生长, 断层圈闭, 垂向封闭性

Abstract:

Bohai Bay Basin had undergone multi-period tectonic events, and fault traps were widely developed in this area. As the boundary condition of fault trap, faults played a vital role in hydrocarbon accumulation. Taking the Qi'nan slope with developed fault traps as an example, this paper analyzed the difference between the synthetic fault and antithetic fault in controlling the vertical oil and gas enrichment. Based on the 3D seismic data, the fault growth process and fault trap distribution, the formation and distribution of the fault-screened traps were also analyzed. Combined with the oil and water distribution, reservoir interpretation as well as quantitative grain fluorescence analysis, the differences in the reservoir controlling and formation mechanisms of different types of faults were clarified. The results showed that:(1) the fault segmented growth and differential activities between the hanging wall and footwall could be the main reasons for the formation of fault-screened traps under the control of synthetic fault, while the fault traps formed by the antithetic fault in the slope area could be the result of fault block tilting and warping; (2) synthetic fault traps could be developed at the segmented growth point of the hanging wall only when the synthetic fault activity was in the "hard-linkage" stage, while the antithetic fault trap could be developed at the footwall when antithetic fault activity was in the early stage; (3) synthetic faults could control the hydrocarbon accumulation in one or multiple petroleum systems, while antithetic faults could often control the hydrocarbon enrichment in one petroleum system; (4) the difference of vertical hydrocarbon accumulation controlled by different types of faults could be related to the position of trap development and the fault-caprock configuration. Shale smear factor was used to quantitatively evaluate the vertical hydrocarbon adjustment in the petroleum system controlled by the middle caprock of Member 1 of Shahejie Formation. The oil and gas was preserved when the shale smear factor was less than 3.5 but vertically leaked when the shale smear factor was higher than 3.5.

Key words: Bohai Bay Basin, synthetic fault, antithetic fault, fault segmented growth, fault trap, vertical sealing

中图分类号:

TE122.3

褚榕, 刘海涛, 王海学, 姜文亚, 付晓飞, 王琦, 刘世瑞. 不同类型断层控制油气垂向富集的差异——以渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷歧南斜坡区为例[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(8): 928-940.

Chu Rong, Liu Haitao, Wang Haixue, Jiang Wenya, Fu Xiaofei, Wang Qi, Liu Shirui. Differences of vertical hydrocarbon enrichment controlled by different types of faults: a case study of Qi'nan slope of Qikou depression,Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2019, 40(8): 928-940.

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不同类型断层控制油气垂向富集的差异——以渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷歧南斜坡区为例

Differences of vertical hydrocarbon enrichment controlled by different types of faults: a case study of Qi'nan slope of Qikou depression,Bohai Bay Basin

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