石油学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2): 192-206.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202202003

• 地质勘探 • 上一篇    下一篇

准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷源上致密砾岩油富集的主控因素

唐勇1, 宋永2, 郭旭光2, 赵靖舟3,4, 吴涛2, 黄立良2, 何文军2, 吴伟涛3,4, 吴和源3,4   

  1. 1. 中国石油新疆油田公司 新疆克拉玛依 834000;
    2. 中国石油新疆油田公司勘探开发研究院 新疆克拉玛依 834000;
    3. 西安石油大学地球科学与工程学院 陕西西安 710065;
    4. 西安石油大学陕西省油气成藏地质学重点实验室 陕西西安 710065
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-09 修回日期:2021-09-11 发布日期:2022-03-03
  • 通讯作者: 吴伟涛,男,1983年10月生,2012年获中国石油大学(北京)博士学位,现为西安石油大学地球科学与工程学院讲师,主要从事油气成藏地质学、非常规油气地质与勘探研究工作。Email:wtwu@xsyu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:唐勇,男,1966年5月生,2003年获西南石油大学博士学位,现为中国石油新疆油田公司教授级高级工程师,主要从事石油地质研究。Email:tyong@petrochina.com.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技重大专项(2017ZX05001-004,2017ZX005008-006-003-001)资助。

Main controlling factors of tight conglomerate oil enrichment above source kitchen in Mahu sag, Junggar Basin

Tang Yong1, Song Yong2, Guo Xuguang2, Zhao Jingzhou3,4, Wu Tao2, Huang Liliang2, He Wenjun2, Wu Weitao3,4, Wu Heyuan3,4   

  1. 1. PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Xinjiang Karamay 834000, China;
    2. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Xinjiang Karamay 834000, China;
    3. School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Shaanxi Xi'an 710065, China;
    4. Key Laboratory of Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Shiyou University, Shaanxi Xi'an 710065, China
  • Received:2021-05-09 Revised:2021-09-11 Published:2022-03-03

摘要: 准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷致密砾岩大油区是世界上储量最大的砾岩油区之一,有必要分析其油藏类型及分布特征,探讨其油气富集的主控因素,指明勘探部署方向。研究表明:玛湖凹陷源上砾岩大油区由多个扇三角洲沉积体系油藏群构成,每个油藏群由一群透镜状砂砾岩油藏构成,具有"一砂一藏、一扇一田"分布特征;玛湖凹陷油藏的岩性为扇三角洲前缘亚相水下分流河道砂砾岩,孔隙度平均为7.8%,渗透率中值为1.59 mD,属于致密油藏,具有"先致密后成藏"的特征;玛湖凹陷的油藏类型主要为砂砾岩岩性油藏,其次为断层-岩性油藏,无统一油水界面和压力系统、无明显边底水;玛湖凹陷源上砾岩大油区致密油的富集主要受控于"扇、源、断、坡"4大要素,即储-封一体扇三角洲沉积、优质烃源岩条件、广布通源断裂和弱变形缓坡背景,其中,油藏主要富集于弱变形缓坡背景之上,并有通源断裂将主力烃源岩与扇三角洲前缘亚相砂砾岩储层相沟通。

关键词: 扇三角洲, 致密砾岩, 致密油, 富集主控因素, 玛湖凹陷, 准噶尔盆地

Abstract: The tight conglomerate oil province in Mahu sag, Junggar Basin is known as one of the biggest with the largest reserves in the world, so it is necessary to analyze the reservoir types and distribution characteristics, explore the main controlling factors of hydrocarbon enrichment, and indicate the direction of exploration and deployment of Mahu sag. The study shows that the large conglomerate oil province above source kitchen in Mahu sag is composed of multiple oil reservoir groups in the fan delta sedimentary system, and in each oil reservoir group, there is a cluster of lenticular sandy conglomerate reservoirs, showing the distribution characteristics of "one sandbody, one reservoir; one fan, one oilfield". The lithology of oil reservoirs in Mahu sag is conglomerate of the underwater distributary channel subfacies at the front of fan delta, with an average porosity of 7.8% and the mean permeability of 1.59 mD, which is classified as tight oil reservoir, with the characteristics of "tightening before accumulation". The oil reservoirs in Mahu sag are mainly dominated by conglomerate oil reservoirs, followed by fault-lithologic oil reservoirs, without uniform oil-water interface, unified pressure system or obvious edge/bottom water. The enrichment of tight oil in the large conglomerate oil province above source kitchen in Mahu sag is mainly controlled by four elements including fan, source, fault, and slope, i.e., the fan delta deposit integrated with reservoir and cap rock, the high-quality source rock, the widespread faults connected with source rocks and the gentle slope with weak deformation setting. The oil reservoirs are mainly enriched above the gentle slope, and the major hydrocarbon source rocks and subfacies conglomerate reservoirs at the front of fan delta are connected by the faults connected with source rocks.

Key words: fan delta, tight conglomerate, tight oil, main controlling factors of enrichment, Mahu sag, Junggar Basin

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