石油学报 ›› 2009, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (5): 749-754.DOI: 10.7623/syxb200905021

• 油田开发 • 上一篇    下一篇

Cr3+、碱和表面活性剂对聚合物分子构型及渗流特性影响

卢祥国, 姜维东, 王晓燕   

  1. 大庆石油学院提高油气采收率教育部重点实验室, 黑龙江大庆 163318
  • 收稿日期:2008-12-08 修回日期:2009-02-23 出版日期:2009-09-25 发布日期:2010-05-21
  • 作者简介:卢祥国,男,1960年6月生,1989年获西南石油学院硕士学位,2002年获日本早稻田大学博士学位,现为大庆石油学院教授,博士生导师,主要从事油藏工程和提高油气采收率研究工作.E-mail:luxiangg2003@yahoo.com.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技重大专项“海上油田从式井网整体加密及综合调整技术”(2008ZX05024-24)资助

Study on effects of Cr3+, alkali and surfactant on polymer molecular configuration and seepage flow characteristics

LU Xiangguo, JIANG Weidong, WANG Xiaoyan   

  1. Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil Recovery of the Ministry of Education, Daqing Petroleum Institute, Daqing 163318, China
  • Received:2008-12-08 Revised:2009-02-23 Online:2009-09-25 Published:2010-05-21

摘要: 用动态光散射(DLS)、扫描电镜(SEM)和岩心驱替等实验方法,研究了Cr3+、碱和表面活性剂对聚合物(HPAM)分子线团直径、结构形态和渗流特性的影响.结果表明,Cr3+、碱和表面活性剂可以改变聚合物分子线团直径,进而影响聚合物分子结构形态和渗流特性.通过改变Cr3+浓度和电解质浓度等实验条件,可以使聚合物分子形成具有不同分子构型的Cr3+聚合物凝胶.在高电解质浓度和低Cr3+浓度条件下,聚合物分子与Cr3+的交联反应主要发生在同一分子内不同支链间,具有"分子内"交联特征.在低电解质浓度和高Cr3+浓度条件下,聚合物分子与Cr3+的交联反应主要发生在不同分子链间,具有"分子间"交联特征.与相同浓度聚合物溶液相比较,"分子内"聚合物凝胶的表观黏度几乎保持不变,但阻力系数和残余阻力系数却要大得多,且残余阻力系数大于阻力系数,表现出独特的渗流特性.与"分子间"聚合物凝胶相比较,"分子内"聚合物凝胶的分子线团直径较小,但它仍略高于相同浓度聚合物分子线团直径.碱使聚合物分子扩散层厚度减小,分子链卷曲收缩和变粗,分子线团尺寸减小,形成以支状为主、网状为辅的结构形态.表面活性剂使聚合物分子线团稍有减小,结构形态无明显变化.

关键词: Cr3+, 碱, 表面活性剂, 聚合物, 分子构型, 分子线团直径, 结构形态, 渗流特性

Abstract: The dynamic light scattering,scanning electron microscope and core flow experiment were used to investigate the effects of Cr3+,alkali and surfactant on the molecular clew diameter,molecular configuration and seepage flow characteristics of polymer gel composed of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide.The results show that Cr3+,alkali and surfactant can change the molecular clew diameter of polymer and then affect the molecular configuration and seepage flow characteristics of polymer.The polymer gel with different molecular configuration can be prepared by changing the gelling conditions such as electrolyte concentration of solvent water and Cr3+.Under the conditions of high electrolyte concentration and low-concentration Cr3+,the cross-linking reaction of polymer molecule and Cr3+ mainly occurred among the different branches of the same molecule,and the polymer gel has the molecular configuration of intra-molecule cross-linking.Under the condition of low electrolyte concentration and high-concentration Cr3+,the cross-linking reactions of polymer molecule and Cr3+ mainly occurred among the chains of different molecule,and the polymer gel had the molecular configuration of intermolecule cross-linking.Compared with the polymer solution of the same concentration,the apparent viscosity of intra-molecule cross-linking polymer gel remained almost unchangeable,but the resistance factor and residual resistance factor are much higher.Moreover,the residual resistance factor is higher than the resistance factor,which demonstrates the unique flow characteristics.Compared with the intermolecule cross-linking polymer gel,molecular clew diameter of intra-molecule cross-linking polymer gel is smaller and still slightly higher than that of the polymer with the same concentration.Alkali can decrease the thickness of diffusive layer of polymer molecule and make the molecular chains contracted and thickened and further form the branch-like structure conformation supplemented by network structure.Surfactant can decrease slightly the polymer molecular clews and make the structure conformation unchangeable.

Key words: Cr3+, alkali, surfactant, polymer, molecular configuration, molecular clew diameter, structure conformation, seepage flow characteristics

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