Abstract: Simulation of geolpgical conditions of a basin in the study of oil and gas occurrence is dealt with from the following respects. 1. Simulation of geologic evolutib noy superposition of beds to trace the history of deposition and development of structures and traps as well as oil and gas pool formation. To simplify elaborate manual operations and to promote widespread application of this method of geologic analysis, computers are used to do a series of superpositions and corrections. 2. Simulation of seismograms of geologic bodies to provide basis for interpretation of microphenomena relative to the process of deposition and development of structures, which is of particular interest to the exploration of stratigraphic-lithologic oil and gas pools. 3. Use of mathematical models to simulate the maturation of organic materials subjected to thermo-degradation. Through the study of geothermal changes of a basin with time, some understanding of the maturity of organic materials in its transfromation into oil may be acquired. Spatial distribution of matured source rocks of different stages may be derived from the sections and plans compiled with simulation data for qualitative evaluation of favou-rable petroliferous areas. 4. Study of immature source rocks with models of simulated temperatu-re-pressure to obtain a complete curve of hydrocarbon generation systemati-cally reflecting the (process of thermal evolution of organic materials and showing the) limits of oil window and the rate of hydrocarbon yields, necessary in appraising the oil potential of the basin.

摘要： 本文从四个方面讨论了研究盆地的石油地质模拟问题: 1.用迭加法进行地质发育史的模拟,是根据逐层迭加单元地层厚度而追溯盆地发育史,包括沉积发育史、构造发育史、圈闭发育史和油、气藏形成史。借助计算机进行一系列迭加和校正,可简化繁锁的人工操作,使这一传统的地质分析方法得到更广泛的应用。2.模拟各种地震反射波图形,为认识沉积、构造的各种微观现象提供地震解释的理论根据,它对于地层、岩性油、气藏的勘探具有特别意义。3.用确定型数学模型进行有机质成熟度的模拟,是基于有机质受热降解而成熟的原理,通过模拟沉积发育研究盆地温度随时间的演变,进而了解有机质受热和转化成熟的程度。根据模拟数值编制的剖面图和平面图,可以给出不同时期成熟生油岩体在空间的展布,对含油、气有利区的定性评价是有意义的。4.借助人工热压模拟试验研究未成熟生油岩,可以获得一条完整的生油曲线,系统地反映有机质受热演化的过程,由模拟曲线提供的生油窗界限和产烃率,在许多情况下对进一步模拟盆地的生油能力,进行定量评价是必要的。沉积盆地油、气资源的定量评价涉及的内容相当广泛,盆地模拟的思路开拓了通过计算机,把各种问题用数学结合起来,展现了通过模拟实现盆地油、气潜力定量评价前景。