Abstract: Ultra-deep light oil reservoirs are developed in the northern Shuntuoguole low uplift, Tarim Basin, which is in contradiction with the traditional theory of hydrocarbon generation. To explain the distribution law of ultra-deep hydrocarbon phase states in the northern part of Shuntuoguole in a more reasonable way, a systematic study is carried out on the geochemical characteristics of the present temperature field as well as oil and gas in the study area. In the northern Shuntuoguole low uplift, the current terrestrial heat flow is 32.2~42.1 mW/m², and the temperature of the same formation at different buried depths presents a distribution pattern similar to terrestrial heat flow, gradually increasing from north to south. The formation temperature with the buried depth of 9 km and 10 km is 154~208℃ and 164~226℃, respectively. In addition, the present temperature of the Lower Cambrian source rock is 168~248℃, while the temperature of Yijianfang Formation reservoirs is 128~178℃. The formation temperature of source rock is positively correlated with gas-oil ratio and crude oil maturity, while negatively correlated with crude oil density and viscosity. The deep formation temperature field in the northern Shuntuoguole low uplift is controlled by the thermal conductivity of rocks and the deep hydrothermal upwellings in the southern Shuntuoguole low uplift, while the temperature field finally controls the distribution characteristics of the hydrocarbon phase states in reservoirs. In the northern Shuntuoguole low uplift, the deep temperature field gradually enlarges from north to south and successively corresponds to the development of light oil, volatile oil, condensate gas and dry gas reservoir. Therefore, this study is of great guiding significance for ultra-deep oil-gas exploration and resource evaluation.

Key words: geochemical characteristics of oil and gas, geothermal field, ultra-deep layers, Shuntuoguole low uplift, Tarim Basin

摘要： 塔里木盆地顺托果勒低隆起北部（顺北地区）发育超深层轻质油藏，这与传统生烃理论认识相矛盾。为了更合理地解释顺北地区超深层油气相态的分布规律，对研究区现今温度场及油气地球化学特征开展了系统研究。顺北地区现今大地热流为32.2~42.1 mW/m²，不同埋深的同一地层温度表现出与大地热流相似的平面分布模式，由北向南逐渐增大。埋深为9 km和10 km的地层温度分别为154~208℃和164~226℃。顺北地区下寒武统玉尔吐斯组烃源岩现今温度为168~248℃，中奥陶统一间房组储层温度为128~178℃，烃源岩的地层温度与气油比和原油成熟度具正相关性，与原油密度和黏度呈负相关性。顺北地区深部地层温度场受控于岩石热导率与岩石圈热结构，而温度场最终控制了油气在储层中的相态展布特征。自北向南，顺北地区深部温度场逐渐增大，依次与发育的轻质油藏、挥发性油藏、凝析气藏和干气藏相匹配，该研究认识对超深层油气勘探与资源评价具有指导意义。

关键词: 油气地球化学特征, 地温场, 超深层, 顺托果勒低隆起, 塔里木盆地