Abstract: Shale gas is a clean and efficient unconventional natural gas resource. In the past decade, In the past 10 years, China has made breakthroughs in Marine shale gas exploration, which has played an important role in ensuring national energy security, and China has become the second largest shale gas producer in the world. Compared with foreign countries, China's marine shale gas resources are widely distributed in Sichuan and Chongqing mountainous areas, and seismic exploration techniques have achieved rapid development under the incentives of both poor natural conditions and urgent resource demand. This paper focuses on the technical challenges of marine shale gas seismic exploration under complex conditions of mountainous and subsurface structure in China, investigates and analyzes the current status of marine shale gas seismic exploration techniques, and clarifies the goal of technological development to improve the drilling rate of horizontal wells through efficient and economic acquisition, high-precision seismic imaging, and shale gas reservoir interpretation. The paper systematically summarizes the key technologies for marine shale gas seismic exploration in China, mainly introduces the key technologies attracting much attention from the industry, such as node acquisition, anisotropic depth migration, rapid imaging while drilling, and geomechanical parameter prediction, and further analyzes their application effects. Finally, the main problems and development directions faced by China's marine shale gas seismic exploration technology are proposed. It is required to accelerate the research and development of high-end independent seismic acquisition and processing technology considering complex geological conditions in China, build a solid petrophysical foundation, deepen the integration of geology and engineering, improve the popularization and application of artificial intelligence technology in the field of shale gas geophysics, and promote the efficient utilization of deep and ambient pressure shale gas resources.

Key words: shale gas, seismic exploration, complex mountainous area, high-precision imaging, sweet spot prediction

摘要： 页岩气是清洁、高效的非常规天然气资源。近10年来中国海相页岩气勘探不断取得突破，对保障国家能源安全发挥了重要作用，中国也成为世界第2大页岩气生产国。与国外相比，中国海相页岩气资源广泛分布于川、渝等山地地区，地震勘探技术在先天条件差与资源需求急迫的双重推动下取得了快速发展。聚焦中国复杂山地地表、复杂地下构造条件下的海相页岩气地震勘探技术难题，分析国内外海相页岩气的地震勘探技术现状，明确地震勘探技术在提高水平井钻遇率的宗旨下，应以实现高效经济采集、高精度地震成像及页岩气藏解释为发展目标。系统梳理中国海相页岩气地震勘探的关键技术，对行业关注的节点采集、各向异性深度偏移、随钻快速成像及地质力学参数预测等地震关键技术进行了重点介绍及应用效果分析，提出了中国海相页岩气地震勘探技术面临的主要问题及发展方向，并针对中国复杂的地质条件，指出应加快高端自主地震采集、处理技术的研发，筑牢岩石物理基础，深化地质—工程一体化，提高人工智能技术在页岩气地球物理勘探领域的普及应用，推动深部、常压页岩气资源的高效利用。

关键词: 页岩气, 地震勘探, 复杂山地, 高精度成像, "甜点"预测