沉积盆地地层孔隙动力学研究进展

doi:10.7623/syxb201610001

石油学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (10): 1193-1215.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201610001

• 地质勘探 • 下一篇

沉积盆地地层孔隙动力学研究进展

刘震^1,2, 孙迪^1,2, 李潍莲^1,2, 刘明洁³, 夏鲁^1,2, 刘静静⁴

1. 中国石油大学油气资源与探测国家重点实验室北京 102249;
2. 中国石油大学地球科学学院北京 102249;
3. 西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院四川成都 610500;
4. 中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院北京 100083

收稿日期:2016-04-26 修回日期:2016-07-16 出版日期:2016-10-25 发布日期:2016-11-09
通讯作者: 孙迪,女,1992年6月生,2014年获山东科技大学学士学位,现为中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院硕士研究生,主要从事石油地质学基础及应用研究。Email:sd19920623@163.com
作者简介:刘震,男,1963年2月生,1984年获西北大学学士学位,1990年获石油大学(北京)博士学位,现为中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院教授、博士生导师,主要从事石油地质学基础及应用研究。Email:liuzhenjr@163.com
基金资助:
国家重大科技专项“岩性油气藏成藏动力、临界条件与分布模式”（2011ZX05001-001-004）资助。

Advances in research on stratigraphic porodynamics of sedimentary basins

Liu Zhen^1,2, Sun Di^1,2, Li Weilian^1,2, Liu Mingjie³, Xia Lu^1,2, Liu Jingjing⁴

1. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China;
2. College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China;
3. School of Geoscience and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Sichuan Chengdu 610500, China;
4. Sinopec Petroleum Exploration & Production Research Institute, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2016-04-26 Revised:2016-07-16 Online:2016-10-25 Published:2016-11-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

21世纪的地球动力学研究正在向定量化方向发展，但由于地质过程的不可逆特性，恢复地质过程相当困难。特别是微观尺度下地质参数演化过程的恢复，已经成为当今地质学的重大科学难题。基于此，提出了“地层孔隙动力学”的概念，认为地层孔隙动力学是以微观尺度下孔隙性介质为研究对象，以沉积盆地埋藏过程中碎屑岩孔隙介质力学特性和孔隙演化规律以及孔隙流体动力成因和渗流特性为研究内容的基础性学科，是地下成岩动力学与孔隙流体动力学相交叉的新学科，是沉积盆地动力学的重要组成部分。其研究进展包括基础理论和应用研究2个部分，其中基础理论部分研究进展包括：①地层孔隙静力平衡原理；②埋藏成岩过程砂岩孔隙度演化机理与定量模型；③泥岩压实特征及泥岩孔隙度演化定量模型；④地下孔隙流体温度与孔隙流体压力理论关系；⑤构造作用附加地应力对孔隙流体压力的影响；⑥泥岩压实程度与有机质镜质体反射率的关系。应用方面研究进展包括：①沉积盆地地温-地层压力系统划分及油气分布动力学解释；②地层压力预测模型改进；③储层临界物性及储集层动态评价体系构建；④地层流体压力演化过程模拟；⑤砂岩体油气充注动力学数值模拟及物理实验模拟；⑥致密砂岩油气藏形成动态过程分析。地层孔隙动力学将孔隙成因演化与孔隙流体动力演化融为一体，是近20年以来地质动力学研究向地下微观尺度发展的代表性学科分支之一，也是沉积矿产形成分布机理研究定量化发展的必然结果。在介绍地层孔隙动力学研究内容的基础上，对其8项重要的研究成果进行了总结，将宏观地质研究推广到微观环境，以期解决埋藏过程中地层岩石孔隙演化控制下的孔隙参数的演变规律与勘探开发应用技术的更新和完善问题。

关键词: 孔隙动力学, 孔隙静力平衡, 孔隙度演化, 地温-地层压力系统, 储层临界物性, 油气充注动力平衡方程

Abstract:

In the 21st century, geodynamics is developing from qualitative analyses to quantitative analyses. Due to its irreversible characteristic, the geological process is difficult to restore, especially for the recovery of geological parameters' evolution in micro scale, now it has become an important scientific problem in geology. Thereby, the concept of "stratigraphic porodynamics" is proposed, which takes microscopic porous media as research subject and mechanic properties of clastic porous media, evolution laws of pore, dynamic causes of pore fluid and its porous flow characteristics in the buried process of sedimentary basins as research contents. It is not only a new discipline which combines diagenetic dynamics and pore fluid dynamics, but also an important component of basin dynamics, which includes progresses of basic theories and applied researches. Furthermore, advancements of basic theories contain six aspects:(1) static balance principle of formation pore,(2) mechanism of sandstone's porosity evolution and quantitative models in the process of burial and diagenesis,(3) characteristics of mudstone compaction and quantitative models of its porosity evolution,(4) theoretical relationship between pore fluid temperature and pressure underground,(5) impacts on pore fluid pressure caused by structural additional stress,and (6) the relationship between the degree of mudstone compaction and thermal evolution of organic matter. Similarly, progresses of applied researches also include six fields:(1) divisions of geotemperature-formation pressure models and explanations of dynamics of oil distribution,(2) improvements on models of formation pressure prediction,(3) determination of critical properties of reservoir and establishment of its dynamic evaluation system,(4) simulation of evolutionary process of fluid pressure,(5) researches on numerical simulation of sandstone oil charging and physical simulation tests,and (6) analyses on dynamic pool-forming process of tight sandstone hydrocarbon reservoirs. All in all, dynamics of stratigraphic porosity integrates the evolution of porosity causes and fluid dynamics as a whole, which is one of the representative disciplines that symbolize geodynamics researches begin to develop in microscale direction in recent 20 years. Most importantly, it is a corollary of quantitative development of researches on mechanism of sedimentary mineral's formation and distribution. In this paper, based on main contents of stratigraphic porodynamics, eight significant research findings are summarized and we expand geological researches from macroscale to microscale, aiming at solving problems of pore parameters' evolution laws in the buried process and updating skills in the application of exploration and exploitation.

Key words: porodynamics, pore static balance, porosity evolution, geotemperature-formation pressure systems, critical properties of reservoir, oil charging dynamic balance equation

中图分类号:

TE12

刘震, 孙迪, 李潍莲, 刘明洁, 夏鲁, 刘静静. 沉积盆地地层孔隙动力学研究进展[J]. 石油学报, 2016, 37(10): 1193-1215.

Liu Zhen, Sun Di, Li Weilian, Liu Mingjie, Xia Lu, Liu Jingjing. Advances in research on stratigraphic porodynamics of sedimentary basins[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2016, 37(10): 1193-1215.

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沉积盆地地层孔隙动力学研究进展

Advances in research on stratigraphic porodynamics of sedimentary basins

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