塔河油田主体区奥陶系表层岩溶带智能识别及缝洞发育规律

doi:10.7623/syxb202402004

石油学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 374-389,411.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202402004

塔河油田主体区奥陶系表层岩溶带智能识别及缝洞发育规律

杨德彬^1,2,3, 何新明^2,3, 张恒^4,5, 汪彦^2,3, 刘遥^2,3, 王明^2,3

1. 中国地质大学(北京)能源学院北京 100083;
2. 中国石油化工集团公司碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏提高采收率重点实验室新疆乌鲁木齐 830011;
3. 中国石油化工股份有限公司西北油田分公司新疆乌鲁木齐 830011;
4. 油气勘探开发理论与技术湖北省重点实验室湖北武汉 430074;
5. 中国地质大学(武汉)资源学院湖北武汉 430074

收稿日期:2023-05-22 修回日期:2023-09-15 出版日期:2024-02-25 发布日期:2024-03-07
通讯作者: 张恒,男,1988年11月生,2016年获中国地质大学(武汉)博士学位,现为中国地质大学(武汉)资源学院石油工程系副教授,主要从事岩溶地质学、碳酸盐岩储层地质学和油藏描述研究工作。Email:cughzhang@163.com
作者简介:杨德彬,男,1984年10月生,2010年获中国石油勘探开发研究院硕士学位,现为中国石油化工股份有限公司西北油田分公司勘探开发研究院高级工程师,主要从事碳酸盐岩油气藏开发研究工作。Email:yangdb.xbsj@sinopec.com
基金资助:
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)"深层油气输导体系类型与演化"(XDA14010302)和中国石油化工股份有限公司西北油田分公司科研项目"塔河古岩溶缝洞系统划分及改造作用研究"(KY2020-S-056)资助。

Intelligent identification of Ordovician epikarst zones and development laws of fractures and vugs in the main area of Tahe oilfield

Yang Debin^1,2,3, He Xinming^2,3, Zhang Heng^4,5, Wang Yan^2,3, Liu Yao^2,3, Wang Ming^2,3

1. School of Energy Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Sinopec Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil Recovery in Carbonate Fractured-Vuggy Reservoirs, Xinjiang Urumqi 830011, China;
3. Sinopec Northwest Oil Field Company, Xinjiang Urumqi 830011, China;
4. Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology of Petroleum Exploration and Development in Hubei Province, China University of Geosciences, Hubei Wuhan 430074, China;
5. School of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences, Hubei Wuhan 430074, China

Received:2023-05-22 Revised:2023-09-15 Online:2024-02-25 Published:2024-03-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 塔河油田主体区中—下奥陶统表层岩溶带中—小尺度岩溶缝洞是油气开发的重要接替对象,智能识别表层岩溶带、厘定其中缝洞的发育规律至关重要。综合利用三维地震数据、成像测井、常规测井、岩心和岩石薄片资料,建立了表层岩溶带底界面人工智能识别方法,描述了不同尺度表层岩溶缝洞结构的特征及样式,探讨了表层岩溶带发育的主控因素,总结了表层岩溶缝洞发育的地质模式,并指出了此类储集体的有利发育部位。研究结果表明:①自相似系数法和动态时序匹配法可实现表层岩溶带底界面的智能识别,克服人为主观因素的干扰。②塔河油田主体区奥陶系表层岩溶带的厚度为4.5~62.5 m,平均为24.0 m;表层岩溶带呈现了5种不同的岩溶缝洞结构样式,以高角度溶扩裂缝和裂缝为主,局部见洞隙和溶蚀孔洞。③基于"薄化释然性(Thin Likelihood)属性分析+50 Hz分频+绕射波分离成像"多属性融合方法可有效预测表层岩溶带的中—小尺度缝洞。④不同级次的岩溶古地貌、岩溶水系和断裂裂缝共同控制了表层岩溶带缝洞的发育;建立了三级岩溶地貌控制下的表层岩溶缝洞发育模式与沟谷-断裂裂缝耦合条件下的表层岩溶缝洞发育模式。⑤岩溶台原区岩溶残丘的缓坡、核部是表层岩溶带缝洞最为有利的发育部位,其次为断裂和裂缝局部发育的沟谷,这些部位具有较好的开发潜力。

关键词: 表层岩溶带, 岩溶缝洞, 岩溶水文地貌, 储层发育模式, 中—下奥陶统, 塔河油田主体区

Abstract: Small and middle sized karst fractures and vugs in the Lower-Middle Ordovician epikarst zone in the main area of Tahe oilfield are important succeeded fields for oil-gas exploitation. It is vital to intelligently identify epikarst zones and determine the development laws of fractures and vugs. Through the integrated utilization of three-dimensional seismic data, imaging logging, conventional logging, core and thin section data, the artificial intelligence identification method for bottom interface of epikarst zone was established to describe the structural characteristics and patterns of epikarst fractures and vugs at different scales, the main controlling factors for the development of epikarst zones were explored, the geological model of epikarst fracture-vug development was summarized, and the favorable development sites for such reservoirs were pointed out. The results show as follows. (1)The self-similarity coefficient method and dynamic time sequence matching method can realize the intelligent identification of bottom interface in epikarst zone and overcome interference of subjective factors. (2)The epikarst zone in the main area of Tahe oilfield is 4.5 m to 62.5 m in thickness, with an average of 24.0 m. The epikarst zones of the main area demonstrate 5 different structural styles of karst fractures and vugs, dominated by high-angle solution expansion cracks, and caves and dissolution pores can be observed in partial areas. (3)Multi-attribute combination based on "Thin Likelihood attribute analysis+50 Hz frequency division+diffraction wave separation imaging" can effectively predict small and medium-sized fractures and vugs. (4)Different levels of karst paleogeomorphology, karst drainage system as well as faults and fractures jointly controlled the development of fractures and vugs in epikarst zone. The development models of epikarst fractures and vugs controlled by third-level karst landform and coupling gullies with faults and fractures were established separately. (5)The gentle slope and the core of karst residual hills in the karst plateau area are the most favorable for the development of epikarst fractures and vugs, followed by the gullies with developed faults and fractures in some areas. These zones have good development potential.

Key words: epikarst zones, karst fracture and vug, karst hydrogeomorphology, reservoir development model, Lower-Middle Ordovician, main area of Tahe oilfield

中图分类号:

TE122.2

杨德彬, 何新明, 张恒, 汪彦, 刘遥, 王明. 塔河油田主体区奥陶系表层岩溶带智能识别及缝洞发育规律[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(2): 374-389,411.

Yang Debin, He Xinming, Zhang Heng, Wang Yan, Liu Yao, Wang Ming. Intelligent identification of Ordovician epikarst zones and development laws of fractures and vugs in the main area of Tahe oilfield[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2024, 45(2): 374-389,411.

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[36] 姜应兵,李兴娟.塔里木盆地塔河油田TH12402井区中下奥陶统古岩溶洞穴发育模式[J].古地理学报,2021,23(4):824-836.
JIANG Yingbing,LI Xingjuan.Development model of paleokarst caves in the Middle-Lower Ordovician of TH12402 well area in Tahe oilfield,Tarim Basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2021,23(4):824-836.

塔河油田主体区奥陶系表层岩溶带智能识别及缝洞发育规律

Intelligent identification of Ordovician epikarst zones and development laws of fractures and vugs in the main area of Tahe oilfield

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