关键词: 高含硫气藏, 实验研究, 相态变化, 硫沉积, 硫溶解度, 机理

Abstract: With the increasing global demand for clean energy, the effective development and utilization of high-sulfur natural gas has emerged as a significant challenge in the energy sector. This paper systematically reviews the phase changes and sulfur deposition mechanisms of high-sulfur gas reservoirs under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. It reviews research on sulfur dissolution mechanisms and deposition control since the 1960s, critically assesses the limitations of existing studies, and highlights key advancements in understanding the phase transitions and deposition conditions of sulfur in high-sulfur natural gas. This work further explores the three-phase flow characteristics of high-sulfur gas reservoirs, emphasizing their significance in understanding the behavior of liquid sulfur under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. Although progress has been made in sulfur solubility measurements and the prediction of deposition mechanisms, existing methods remain limited under the actual high-temperature and high-pressure conditions in reservoirs. This paper focuses on the importance of accurately determining sulfur deposition conditions and refining the characterization of three-phase flow, as these insights are essential for formulating and implementing future reservoir development strategies. Given these challenges, future research is expected to adopt an interdisciplinary approach, integrating chemical analysis, physical simulation, and engineering applications with experimental and numerical techniques such as X-ray diffraction and computational fluid dynamics. This approach aims to provide more accurate predictions and a deeper understanding of sulfur phase transitions and deposition mechanisms, ultimately optimizing the development and management of high-sulfur gas fields.

Key words: high-sulfur gas reservoirs, experimental research, phase state changes, sulfur deposition, sulfur solubility, mechanisms