石油学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (7): 1466-1480.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202607010

• 油田开发 • 上一篇    

普通稠油油藏糖脂类生物体系乳化性能

马梦琪1,2, 李俊键1,2, 胡婧3, 刘金林4, 程思远1,2, 李佳沐1,2, 丁甲磊1,2, 宋永亭3   

  1. 1. 油气资源与工程全国重点实验室, 中国石油大学(北京) 北京 102249;
    2. 中国石油大学(北京)石油工程学院 北京 102249;
    3. 中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司石油工程技术研究院 山东东营 257000;
    4. 中国石化集团国际石油勘探开发有限公司 北京 100029
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-08 修回日期:2026-06-12 发布日期:2026-08-04
  • 通讯作者: 李俊键,男,1983年2月生,2010年获中国石油大学(北京)博士学位,现为中国石油大学(北京)教授、博士生导师,主要从事高含水及非常规油气藏工程方法和提高采收率研究。Email:junjian@cup.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:马梦琪,女,1997年9月生,2019年获中国石油大学(北京)学士学位,现为中国石油大学(北京)石油与天然气工程专业博士研究生,主要从事油气微观渗流机理及提高采收率研究。Email:maggie_ysmq@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目“油田采油生物制剂研发及应用”(2022YFC2105200)和山东省泰山产业创新项目“绿色菌群与化学复合提高低效稠油采收率技术”(tscy202312058)资助。

Emulsification performance of glycolipid biosurfactants in conventional heavy oil reservoirs

Ma Mengqi1,2, Li Junjian1,2, Hu Jing3, Liu Jinlin4, Cheng Siyuan1,2, Li Jiamu1,2, Ding Jialei1,2, Song Yongting3   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China;
    2. College of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China;
    3. Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering Technology, Sinopec Shengli Oilfield Company, Shandong Dongying 257000, China;
    4. Sinopec International Petroleum Exploration and Production Corporation, Beijing 100029, China
  • Received:2025-12-08 Revised:2026-06-12 Published:2026-08-04

摘要: 普通稠油油藏的高效开发具有重要意义,采用生物表面活性剂实现冷采乳化降黏是符合绿色低碳战略方向的生产措施,然而其乳化性能尚且缺乏针对性研究。以槐糖脂和鼠李糖脂等典型糖脂类生物表面活性剂为研究对象,分别与不同黏度的普通稠油油样组合,开展静态乳化行为测试、界面性质定量表征及乳液动态性能分析3类实验,采用定性观察和量化评价相结合的方式,深入探究不同生物乳化体系的性能差异。实验结果表明:生物乳化体系与稠油油样之间的乳化行为受到油水界面上各类表面活性物质竞争吸附过程的影响,其在开放空间与限域空间条件下形成的乳液状态存在显著差别,界面张力和界面扩张模量可作为判断乳液状态的关键参数。所获结论有效提升了对糖脂类生物表面活性剂乳化性能的系统性认识,为此类生物乳化体系在普通稠油油藏提高采收率方面的应用提供参考。

关键词: 普通稠油, 生物表面活性剂, 乳化作用, 界面张力, 界面扩张模量

Abstract: The efficient development of conventional heavy oil reservoirs is of vital significance. Utilizing biosurfactants for emulsification and viscosity reduction in cold production offers a strategic approach aligned with sustainable green development goals. Nevertheless, targeted research into their emulsification performance remains insufficient. Focusing on typical glycolipid biosurfactants, such as sophorolipids and rhamnolipids, this study evaluates their interactions with conventional heavy oil samples of varying viscosities. Three categories of experiments—static emulsification behavior testing, quantitative characterization of interfacial properties, and dynamic emulsion performance analysis—were conducted. By integrating qualitative observation with quantitative evaluation, the performance disparities among different bio-emulsification systems were rigorously investigated. Experimental results indicate that the emulsification behavior in heavy oil-bio-emulsification systems is governed by the competitive adsorption of various surface-active species at the oil-water interface. Significant disparities exist in the resulting emulsion states under bulk versus confined conditions, with interfacial tension and interfacial dilational modulus as critical parameters for determining emulsion morphology. These findings effectively enhance the systematic understanding of the emulsification performance of glycolipid biosurfactants, providing a theoretical framework for the application of such bio-emulsification systems in enhancing oil recovery within conventional heavy oil reservoirs.

Key words: conventional heavy oil, biosurfactant, emulsification, interfacial tension, interfacial dilational modulus

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