Abstract: The foreland thrust belts in Central and Western China are the key areas to analyze the relationship between the basins and adjacent mountains,and the genesis of basins and the orogenic evolutions.It is not only the cradle of Chinese petroleum industry,but also plays an important role in the Project of Transporting Gas from West to East in China,and takes an important part in the Western Large-Scale Development Policy.The authors discussed the structural characteristics controlling the formation of basins and the petroleum formation and occurrences.The foreland thrust belts in Central and Western China had undergone two or three phases of formation,and exhibited strong modification in its late history.It is characterized as thrust nappes of multi-level and poly-history. It is very common that the foreland thrust belts have the typical structural styles,such as basement-involved or surperimposed structures.Based on the imbricate systems and tectonic wedges,the foreland thrust belts in Central and Western China can be classified into ten distinct types.Being favorable for oil and gas accumulation,it is famous for abundant petroleum resources,and so a very promising exploration area in China.

Key words: central and western area, China, foreland thrust belt, geological structure, controlling oil

摘要： 中国中西部前陆冲断带是剖析中西部地区盆-山耦合关系、盆地成因及造山带演化的关键地段,又是中国油气工业的摇篮,并将在"西气东输"工程及西部大开发战略中起重要作用.对控制盆地形成及制约油气形成与分布的前陆冲断带的构造特征进行了讨论.中西部前陆冲断带往往经历2～3个形成时期,晚期改造强烈.在形成过程中发生了多期次多层次冲断推覆,前陆基底卷入型构造和叠加构造样式较为普遍,以叠瓦冲断带和构造楔为基础,形成了10种独特的地质结构类型.中西部前陆冲断带的油气成藏条件较为优越,具有较大的勘探潜力,将是我国陆上深化勘探的重要领域.

关键词: 中国中西部, 前陆, 冲断带, 地质结构, 构造控油