Abstract: In order to solve the problems of water shutoff in oil wells,the comprehension of water shutoff and its technical keys were studied.There are five connotations including water shutoff on total block,deep water shutoff,selective water shutoff,water shutoff for different water sources and water shutoff combining with other stimulations.These connotations are mutual relations as a whole,and each of them has its technical keys.The water shutoff on total block needs a decision-making method for selecting wells in water shutoff.The deep water shutoff needs proper agents,placement method and determining method for reasonable depth.The selective water shutoff makes use of selective water shut off agent and selective injecting method.According to the characteristics of the sources of water,different methods for water shutoff in oil wells should be designed.Better results of water shutoff combining with other stimulations can be obtained by the complement of action with each other.Comprehending those connotations of water shutoff and its technical keys can make water shutoff in oil wells as an important method for enhancing oil recovery.

Key words: oil well, water shutoff, water shut off agent, enhanced recovery, secondary recovery

摘要： 为了解决油井堵水存在的问题,研究了油井堵水概念的内涵及其技术关键.油井堵水概念应有5个内涵,即:油井区块整体堵水,深部堵水,选择性堵水,不同来水堵水,与其他措施结合的堵水.这些内涵是相互联系的整体.油井堵水概念内涵的技术关键是:油井区块整体堵水须建立选井的决策原则;油井深部堵水须有深部堵剂及其放置方法和合理深度的决定方法;选择性堵水应使用选择性堵剂和选择性注入方法;应根据来水的特点控制不同形式的来水方法;组合堵水应根据油井堵水与其他措施的作用互补原则.应用这些内涵及技术关键,可使油井堵水成为提高采收率的重要措施.

关键词: 油井, 堵水, 堵剂, 强化采油, 二次采油