Abstract: Characteristics and stages of evolution of soluble organic matter are discussed in the light of its group composition, chromatogram and infrared spectrum. The formation under review is 6,000 meters thick, accumulated with a rate of sedimentation as high as 0.5mm/year. The bottom hole temperature of the test well is 198℃. Geochemical data available indicate that the organic matter contained in sediments has undergone a fairly complete biochemical and thermal-chemical process of evolution—from the burial of organic deaosits, through immature. mature to highly mature stage of condensates and wet gas, having thus established a direct genetic relationship between organic deposits and oil oecurrence. It is estimated from the data of the well that it takes only 6.5 millions for the organic matter to get matured for oil to occur at the depth of 3,300 meters and the temperature at 126℃. At 5,000 meters with temperature over 172℃ sets in the stage of condensates and wet gas generation The facts disclosed in the study is significant in that they add to the wealth of our knowledge about the subject and provide geochemical criteria for identifying the different stages of conversion of organic matter into hydrocarbons.

摘要： 本文利用氯仿沥青的族组成,色谱和红外光谱资料,讨论了柴达木盆地第四系至上新统可溶有机质的演化特征及其阶段性。地层厚达6000米,沉积速度高达0.5mm/年,井底地温高达198℃,各项地化资料表明,沉积中的有机质经历了一个相当完整的连续的生物化学和热化学的演化过程——从有机质沉积埋藏开始,历经未成熟、成熟至达高成熟的凝析油和湿气阶段;从而确立了有机物沉积和成油之间直接的成因联系。该井有机质沉积到成熟只用了650万年时间,成油临界的井深为3300米,地温120℃;当埋深达5000余米,地温172℃以上时,则已经进入凝析油和湿气阶段了。