塔里木盆地哈拉哈塘油田奥陶系缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层岩溶类型及特征

doi:10.7623/syxb202101002

石油学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 15-32.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202101002

塔里木盆地哈拉哈塘油田奥陶系缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层岩溶类型及特征

宁超众¹, 孙龙德², 胡素云¹, 徐怀民³, 潘文庆⁴, 李勇¹, 赵宽志⁴

1. 中国石油勘探开发研究院北京 100083;
2. 中国石油天然气股份有限公司北京 100007;
3. 中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院北京 102249;
4. 中国石油塔里木油田公司勘探开发研究院新疆库尔勒 841000

收稿日期:2019-12-24 修回日期:2020-09-11 出版日期:2021-01-25 发布日期:2021-02-05
通讯作者: 宁超众,男,1988年12月生,2012年获中国石油大学(华东)学士学位,2018年获中石油勘探开发研究院博士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院工程师,主要从事油气田开发地质研究。
作者简介:宁超众,男,1988年12月生,2012年获中国石油大学(华东)学士学位,2018年获中石油勘探开发研究院博士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院工程师,主要从事油气田开发地质研究。Email:nniinngg@petrochina.com.cn
基金资助:
中国石油天然气集团公司科技重大专项"伊拉克低渗孔隙型生屑灰岩油藏储层表征及高效开发技术研究"（2019D-4410）资助。

Karst types and characteristics of the Ordovician fracture-cavity type carbonate reservoirs in Halahatang oilfield,Tarim Basin

Ning Chaozhong¹, Sun Longde², Hu Suyun¹, Xu Huaimin³, Pan Wenqing⁴, Li Yong¹, Zhao Kuanzhi⁴

1. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China;
2. PetroChina Company Limited, Beijing 100007, China;
3. School of Earth Sciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China;
4. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, Xinjiang Korla 841000, China

Received:2019-12-24 Revised:2020-09-11 Online:2021-01-25 Published:2021-02-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 近年来，塔里木盆地缝洞型碳酸盐岩因持续发现超深层资源潜力而备受关注，但该类储层存在成因和特征不明确以及勘探方向缺乏有效指导等问题。基于地震资料解释，结合资料调研、野外露头考察、岩心及薄片观察、地球化学分析和生产特征分析等手段，对哈拉哈塘地区奥陶系缝洞型碳酸盐岩的岩溶类型和特征进行了深入研究。哈拉哈塘地区发育表生岩溶和热液岩溶两类岩溶储层且特征差异明显。表生岩溶储层主要发育在良里塔格组，在良里塔格组顶面形成典型的岩溶地貌，内部形成水平管状洞穴体系；洞穴发生充填、垮塌和强烈压实，导致储层较致密，储集物性相对较差。热液岩溶储层主要发育在一间房组和鹰山组上部，沿断裂发育形成竖型洞穴，该类型洞穴及其垮塌体保留大量储集空间，在地震剖面上表现为强振幅"串珠"，造成频繁的放空和漏失现象，是哈拉哈塘油田奥陶系主要油气储集体。而热液岩溶储层是现阶段研究区勘探开发的主要目标，而表生岩溶储层应合理规避。

关键词: 哈拉哈塘油田, 奥陶系, 岩溶, 表生, 热液, 洞穴体系, 垮塌, 串珠

Abstract: In recent years, fracture-cavity type carbonate rocks in Tarim Basin have attracted much attention because of the continuous discovery of ultra-deep resources. However, for this type of reservoir, there are still problems such as unclear genesis and characteristics and lack of effective guidance for exploration directions. Based on seismic data interpretation, in combination with data investigation, investigation of field outcrop, core and thin section observation, geochemical characteristics analysis and production characteristics analysis, the authors have conducted an in-depth research into the karst types and characteristics of Ordovician fracture-cavity type carbonate reservoirs in Halahatang oilfield. It is believed that two types of karst reservoirs, epigenetic karst and hydrothermal karst, are developed in the Halahatang area; the both have obviously different features. Epigenetic karst reservoirs are mainly developed in Lianglitage Formation. Typical karst landforms are formed on the top of Lianglitage Formation, and a horizontal tubular cave system is formed inside; the caves are filled, collapsed and strongly compacted, resulting in tight reservoirs and relatively poor reservoir properties. The hydrothermal karst reservoirs are mainly developed in the upper part of Yijianfang Formation and Yingshan Formation, and vertical caves are formed along faults. This type of caves and their collapsed bodies keep plenty of reservoir space, shown as the beads-like strong amplitude on the seismic profile, causing frequent drilling break and leakage; they are the main reservoir bodies of Ordovician in Halahatang oilfield. Hydrothermal karst reservoirs are the main target of exploration and development in the study area at this stage, and epigenetic karst reservoirs should be avoided reasonably.

Key words: Halahatang oilfield, Ordovician, karst, epigenic, hydrothermal fluids, cave system, collapse, bead

中图分类号:

TE122.2

宁超众, 孙龙德, 胡素云, 徐怀民, 潘文庆, 李勇, 赵宽志. 塔里木盆地哈拉哈塘油田奥陶系缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层岩溶类型及特征[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(1): 15-32.

Ning Chaozhong, Sun Longde, Hu Suyun, Xu Huaimin, Pan Wenqing, Li Yong, Zhao Kuanzhi. Karst types and characteristics of the Ordovician fracture-cavity type carbonate reservoirs in Halahatang oilfield,Tarim Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2021, 42(1): 15-32.

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塔里木盆地哈拉哈塘油田奥陶系缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层岩溶类型及特征

Karst types and characteristics of the Ordovician fracture-cavity type carbonate reservoirs in Halahatang oilfield,Tarim Basin

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