华南地区南华系大塘坡组黑色岩系地质地球化学特征与有机质富集机制

doi:10.7623/syxb202109003

石油学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (9): 1142-1162.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202109003

华南地区南华系大塘坡组黑色岩系地质地球化学特征与有机质富集机制

李婷婷¹, 朱光有¹, 赵坤^1,2, 王鹏举^1,2

1. 中国石油勘探开发研究院北京 100083;
2. 中国地质大学(北京)能源学院北京 100083

收稿日期:2020-06-08 修回日期:2021-06-15 出版日期:2021-09-25 发布日期:2021-10-12
通讯作者: 李婷婷,女,1989年2月生,2012年获东北石油大学学士学位,2015年获中国石油勘探开发研究院硕士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院工程师,主要从事石油地质研究工作。
作者简介:李婷婷,女,1989年2月生,2012年获东北石油大学学士学位,2015年获中国石油勘探开发研究院硕士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院工程师,主要从事石油地质研究工作。Email:lttjy@petrochina.com.cn
基金资助:
中国石油天然气股份有限公司科学研究与技术开发项目"古老碳酸盐岩油气成藏分布规律与关键技术"（2019B-04）和"深层烃源岩形成与分布"（2018A-0102）资助。

Geological,geochemical characteristics and organic matter enrichment of the black rock series in Datangpo Formation in Nanhua System,South China

Li Tingting¹, Zhu Guangyou¹, Zhao Kun^1,2, Wang Pengju^1,2

1. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China;
2. School of Energy Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2020-06-08 Revised:2021-06-15 Online:2021-09-25 Published:2021-10-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着油气勘探不断向深层—超深层领域拓展，古老层系的烃源岩越来越受到关注。华南地区南华系大塘坡组发育一套富有机质黑色岩系，其形成于两套冰期沉积之间，近年来引起勘探界关注。基于岩心、岩石薄片和X射线衍射、总有机碳含量和元素地球化学特征等分析测试资料，对大塘坡组黑色岩系沉积特征、形成环境与有机质富集机制进行了系统分析。大塘坡组黑色岩系主要分布于黔湘渝地区，厚度为2~90 m，自下而上划分为Ⅰ段含锰页岩、锰碳酸盐岩和Ⅱ段黑色页岩。Ⅰ段矿物组成以菱锰矿、铁锰白云石及黏土矿物为主，Ⅱ段主要矿物类型为黏土矿物、石英及长石。大塘坡组黑色岩系干酪根类型为腐泥型，发育红藻、绿藻、褐藻等藻类；Ⅰ段总有机碳（TOC）含量平均为2.3%，Ⅱ段底部TOC含量明显升高，平均为2.9%。综合分析认为，大塘坡组黑色岩系总体形成于冰期后气候转暖、盆地与开阔海连通的水体；热液活动及硅酸盐化学风化作用分别控制了Ⅰ段和Ⅱ段的营养物质来源，对表层水体的原始生产力具有重要影响，是大塘坡组黑色岩系有机质富集的关键；沉积期底水缺氧环境有利于有机质保存。

关键词: 黑色岩系, 大塘坡组, 热液活动, 化学风化, 南华系

Abstract: With the continuous expansion of oil and gas exploration into the deep to ultra-deep strata, more and more attention has been drawn to the ancient hydrocarbon source rocks. A set of organic-rich black rock series in the Datangpo Formation was developed between two glacial deposits in the Nanhua System, South China, which has aroused the concern of the exploration circle. Based on core and rock slice, and multiple data such as X-ray diffraction, total organic carbon and geochemical elements, a systematic analysis has been conducted on sedimentary characteristics, depositional environment and organic matter enrichment mechanism of the black rock series in Datangpo Formation. The results show that the Datangpo black rock series was mainly developed in Guizhou-Hunan-Chongqing areas, with the thickness varied from 2 m to 90 m, consisting of two sections from bottom to top, i.e., the section I (basal manganese-bearing shale and manganese carbonate) and the section Ⅱ (black shale). The section I is dominated by rhodochrosite, ferromanganese dolomite and clay minerals, and the section Ⅱ is mainly composed of clay minerals, quartze and feldspar. The black rock series in Datangpo Formation is characterized with sapropel-type kerogen, where many kinds of algae including red algae, green algae and brown algae are developed. The average TOC content in the section I is 2.3%, while the TOC content in the the lower part of the section Ⅱ has been obviously increased to 2.9%. The comprehensive geochemical analysis indicates that the Datangpo black rock series were generally formed under the post-glacial warming climate in the basinal waters connected with the open ocean. Hydrothermal activities and chemical weathering of silicates caused an important influence on the primary productivity in surface waters by controlling nutrient supplies in the section Ⅰ and Ⅱ, thus playing a crucial role in the organic-matter enrichment in Datangpo Formation; anoxic environment in bottom waters provided good conditions for organic matter preservation during the deposition of black rock series.

Key words: black rock series, Datangpo Formation, hydrothermal activity, chemical weathering, Nanhua system

中图分类号:

TE122

李婷婷, 朱光有, 赵坤, 王鹏举. 华南地区南华系大塘坡组黑色岩系地质地球化学特征与有机质富集机制[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(9): 1142-1162.

Li Tingting, Zhu Guangyou, Zhao Kun, Wang Pengju. Geological,geochemical characteristics and organic matter enrichment of the black rock series in Datangpo Formation in Nanhua System,South China[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2021, 42(9): 1142-1162.

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华南地区南华系大塘坡组黑色岩系地质地球化学特征与有机质富集机制

Geological,geochemical characteristics and organic matter enrichment of the black rock series in Datangpo Formation in Nanhua System,South China

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