白云凹陷珠海组砂岩中碳酸盐胶结物的形成机理

doi:10.7623/syxb201004006

石油学报 ›› 2010, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (4): 553-558.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201004006

白云凹陷珠海组砂岩中碳酸盐胶结物的形成机理

王琪 1,2 郝乐伟 1,2 陈国俊 1,2 张功成 3 张瑞 1,2 马晓峰 1,2 王欢 1,2

1中国科学院油气资源研究重点实验室甘肃兰州 730000； 2中国科学院研究生院北京 100049； 3中海油研究总院北京 100027

收稿日期:2010-01-05 修回日期:2010-03-18 出版日期:2010-07-25 发布日期:2010-09-25
通讯作者: 王琪
作者简介:王琪，男，1967年1月生，1992年毕业于中国科学院兰州地质研究所，现为中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所兰州油气研究中心研究员，主要从事储层沉积学与储层地球化学方面的研究。
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展规划（973）项目（2009CB219400）、国土资源部全国油气资源战略调查与评价项目（XQ-2004-05）和国家科技重大专项（2008ZX05025）联合资助。

Forming mechanism of carbonate cements in siliciclastic sandstone of Zhuhai Formation in Baiyun Sag

WANG Qi 1,2 HAO Lewei 1,2 CHEN Guojun 1, 2 ZHANG Gongcheng 3 ZHANG Rui 1,2 MA Xiaofeng 1,2 WANG Huan 1,2

Received:2010-01-05 Revised:2010-03-18 Online:2010-07-25 Published:2010-09-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过矿物学、岩石学和地球化学方法，探讨了珠江口盆地白云凹陷珠海组砂岩储层中多期碳酸盐胶结物的成因机理。根据不同期次碳酸盐胶结物的成分、产状和赋存状态，从矿物学和成岩序列的角度区分出3期胶结物类型，即早期方解石（含少量菱铁矿）、中期的铁方解石和晚期的铁白云石。多期胶结物氧碳同位素计算的Z值表明，珠海组早期碳酸盐与干旱陆相湖泊环境有关，是在常温常压条件下，直接从过饱和的碱性湖水介质中析出的产物;中期的铁方解石和晚期的铁白云石明显晚于早期方解石，在3000~3500m 深度段内，珠海组中碳酸盐胶结物的δ¹³C值明显向负偏移（−6.3‰～−14.1‰），并与自生高岭石含量升高段和次生孔隙发育带呈很好的对应性,表明中晚期碳酸盐的碳主要来自有机酸脱羧产生的CO₂。而长石类颗粒溶解提供了Ca²⁺离子，随着有机酸的消耗，成岩环境逐渐由酸性向碱性转变，还原性增强，孔隙流体中Fe²⁺和Mg²⁺很容易和CO₂结合进入碳酸盐矿物晶格，形成中晚期含亚铁的碳酸盐胶结物，并充填在残余原生粒间孔和各类次生溶孔中，对储层物性造成一定的负面影响。

关键词: 白云凹陷, 碳酸盐胶结物, 碳同位素, 溶蚀作用, 成岩环境

Abstract:

The data from mineralogy, petrology and isotopic geochemistry was used to investigate diagenesis mechanism of the multiphase carbonate cements in the Oligocene clastic reservoir of Zhuhai Formation in Baiyun Sag of Pearl River Basin. According to the composition, texture and occurrence states of these carbonate cements and paragenetic sequence, three phases of carbonate cements, including early calcite, middle ferric calcite and late ankerite, were recognized. Z value calculated with carbon and oxygen isotopes indicates that the early calcite cements of Zhuhai Formation are relative to the arid lacustrine environment and precipitated directly from the oversaturated alkaline water media under the normal conditions. The middle ferric calcite and late ankerite postdated the formation of the early calcite. In the depth interval from 3000 m to 3500 m, the δ¹³C value of carbonate cements in Zhuhai Formation shows apparent negative shift from −6.3‰ to −14.1‰.It is indicated that the carbons in the middle ferric calcite and late ankerite originated from CO₂ released by decarboxylation of organic acid,which resulted in the framework grain dissolution. Meanwhile, dissolution of feldsparthic grains also provided Ca²⁺ion for the precipitation of carbonate cements. Due to the consumption of organic acid, the diagenetic environment was gradually changed from acidic to alkaline and also increased the reduction,which enhanced the incorporation of Fe²⁺ and Mg²⁺ions and entered into the carbonate lattice to form middle to late ferrous-bearing carbonate cements.These late diagenetic products generally filled in the remained primary pores and secondary pores to deteriorate the reservoir property.

Key words: Baiyun Sag, carbonate cements, carbon isotope, dissolution, diagenetic environment

王琪郝乐伟陈国俊张功成张瑞马晓峰王欢. 白云凹陷珠海组砂岩中碳酸盐胶结物的形成机理[J]. 石油学报, 2010, 31(4): 553-558.

WANG Qi HAO Lewei CHEN Guojun ZHANG Gongcheng ZHANG Rui MA Xiaofeng. Forming mechanism of carbonate cements in siliciclastic sandstone of Zhuhai Formation in Baiyun Sag[J]. Editorial office of ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2010, 31(4): 553-558.

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白云凹陷珠海组砂岩中碳酸盐胶结物的形成机理

Forming mechanism of carbonate cements in siliciclastic sandstone of Zhuhai Formation in Baiyun Sag

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