石油学报 ›› 2001, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (1): 54-57.DOI: 10.7623/syxb200101011

• 油田开发 • 上一篇    下一篇

微生物降解稠油及提高采收率实验研究

张廷山1, 兰光志1, 邓莉2, 邓晓皋3, 张彩庆4   

  1. 1. 西南石油学院勘探系 四川南充 637001;
    2. 中原油田股份公司 河南濮阳 457001;
    3. 四川师范学院 四川南充 637000;
    4. 青海石油管理局 甘肃敦煌 736200
  • 收稿日期:1999-12-28 修回日期:2000-06-08 出版日期:2001-01-25 发布日期:2010-05-21
  • 作者简介:张廷山,男,1961年4月生.1982年南京大学毕业,获学士学位,1997年南京大学研究生毕业,获博士学位.现为西南石油学院教授.
  • 基金资助:
    油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室项目(PLN9920)及中国石油天然气集团公司中青年创新基金资助项目.

EXPERIMENTS ON HEAVING OIL DEGRADATION AND ENHANCING OIL RECOVERY BY MICROBIAL TREATMENTS

ZHANG Ting-shan1   

  1. Southwest Petroleum Institute, Nanchong 637001, China
  • Received:1999-12-28 Revised:2000-06-08 Online:2001-01-25 Published:2010-05-21

摘要: 微生物采油技术以其成本低、无污染、经济效益好的优势,日渐成为一项重要的三次采油技术。该技术的主要机理就是利用微生物降解原油的重质组分,降低原油粘度和凝固点,以达到改善原油物化性质的目的。笔者从原油、油田污水和海水中共分离、选育出能降解沥青质,能耐温达80℃、矿化度300000mg/L的微生物菌种及组合。并以其对青海、胜利、辽河等油田原油进行了实验研究,讨论了能有效降解原油中沥青质的兼性菌的选育、降解效果以及采油过程中的现场应用。根据实验,所选育的兼性菌组合对青海原油处理2h后,其沥青质可降低20%。现场试验显示,生产井注入菌液20d后,3个月内的日均产量提高了9%,油井的热洗周期延长了2.1倍。

关键词: 稠油, 微生物, 降解, 提高采收率, 实验

Abstract: MEOR,with the advantage of low cost, no pollution and good economic benefit,is going to be one of the important techniques for enhancing oil recovery. The authors have selected and cultured a series of bacteria from crude oil, oil polluted water and sea water which they can decompose gum &asphaitenes of oil, increase light hydrocarbon components,endurance 80℃ and 300000mg/L salinity. The microbial cultures and selection methods were discussed and the bacteria treatments were made on the crude oil from Shengli, Liaohe and Qinghai in the laboratories and in the Qinghai Oil Field. After 24 hours treatments by bacteria group,the asphaltenes in Qinghai oil decreased 20%. Results from field tests indicated that after 20 days treatments by the bacteria group,the average daily output increased about 9% and well hot wash period extended 21 times.

Key words: heavy oil, microbial degradation, enhancing oil recovery, experiment

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