Abstract: China has undergone a complicated history of geological evolution onshore and offshore from Sinian to the Recent,during which period three basic types of oil and gas basins have been formed.1.Tension basins in eastern China-With the subduction of the Pacific plate under the Eurasian plate,the continental crust in the eastern part of China was subject to regional tension stresses that caused the breakdown,spreading and subsidence of the basement.A series of intraplate rift-subsided basins occurred to the east of Daxinganling-Taihangshan-Yangtze Gorge which are genetically related to the uplifting of the upper mantle.Basins in Bohai Bay,northern Jiangsu,southern Yellow Sea and Jianghan are of the polycyclic rift-subsided type,while those in Songliao,Nanyang-Miyang and Beibu Bay are monocyclic.The East Sea basin and the west Taiwan basin are continental marginal basins (back-arc basins) included in the west Pacific trench-arc-basin system.Basins in the mouth of Pearl River and in the Yingge Sea are located along the northern divergent margin of the spreading plate in the South China Sea.2.Oil and gas basins in central China-Located in the transition zone between the Pacific plate belt and the Tethye-Himalaya tectonic belt,these basins grew up under the influence of both.The Shanganning basin and the Sichuan basin are intraplate polycyclic depressions and the Chuxiong basin is monocyclic,trending NNE and NS.Under the eastward thrust of the Tibetanwest Yunnan section,the western margin of these basins formed a center of depressions in the later stage.3.Oil and gas basins of the compressional type in western China-The northward push of the Indian plate brought about gradually 4 collision-compression zones from the Himalayas to the Altais,followed by a basinal subsidence on a large scale.The large oval-shaped composite basins in Dzungari,Tarim,Tsaidam and northern Tibet were formed in these zones.In the downthrown blocks of the thrust fault zone of Tienshan,Kunlunshan and Chilianshan,there are piedmont basins located in Wusu,Kuche,Yecheng,Jiuquan and Minlou.And Tulufan is an intermontane basin.

摘要： 中国含油气盆地的基本构造类型有三种: 1.中国东部含油气盆地——拉张型盆地。在大兴安岭—太行山—长江三峡以东分布有一系列板内断陷—拗陷盆地,其成因机制与上地幔的隆起有关。如渤海湾、苏北、江汉等盆地为多旋回的断陷—拗陷盆地。珠江口是南海扩张盆地的北部陆壳边缘断陷—拗陷盆地。2.中国中部含油气盆地——过渡型盆地。鄂尔多斯和四川盆地为板内多旋回拗陷盆地。3.中国西部含油气盆地——挤压型盆地。准噶尔、塔里木和柴达木为碰撞挤压带之间的大型卵形复合盆地。乌苏、库车、酒泉和民乐等盆地为山前拗陷盆地。吐鲁番为天山山间盆地。