Abstract: A new micromodel of porous medium made on a glass plate using photofabrication and etching techniques is presented in this paper,the pore structure of which is a reproduction of that of the reservoir rocks.The displacement experiments were conducted with oil and water under waterwet condition,and the types of connate water and residual oil,their trapping mechanisms were observed in detail.The experimental results confirmed that the irreducible saturation in the displacement of water by oil is controlled by multiple factors,but the heterogeneity of pore structure of reservoir rocks is the most important one.During the displacement of oil by water the snap-off and by passing phenomena occurred frequently wihch are the major factors affecting the trapping of oil in pore.Experiments were performed under the consideration of the relation of the displacing pressure existing in oil formations and the pressure gradient in waterflooding.

摘要： 本文介绍一种新型显微孔隙模型制作技术、实验方法及实验结果。模型制作采用光刻技术直接将实际岩心的孔隙结构复制下来,因而比较真实。用这种模型分别进行了油驱水和水驱油实验,观察了残余水和残余油类型及形成机理。模形是亲水的。实验结果证实,油驱水之后形成的残余水饱和度受多种因素控制,储集岩孔隙结构的非均质性是形成残余水的主要因素,水驱油过程中卡断和绕流现象十分普遍,这是形成残余油的主要原因。实验还考虑了实际油层的排驱压力和油田注水压力锑度的关系。