Abstract: With respect to the energy, flow, pressure and potentiometric surface features of ground water, oil and gas bearing basins are divided into three basic types according to the ground hydrodynamic environment, they are compaction-flow basin, gravity-flow basin and stagnation-flow basin. There are also transitional types between these three, compaction-gravity-flow basin and gravity-stagnation-flow basin. In a compaction-flow basin the energy of ground water is very large, the direction of ground water movement displays a centrifugal flow. In a gravityflow basin the energy is medium, the direction of movement displays a centripetal flow or cross flow. In a stagnation-flow basin the energy is very low or nothing at all; the ground water is stagnated. The compaction-flow basin is a young basin, the gravity-flow basin is a middle-aged basin, while the stagnation-flow basin is an old-aged basin. Evolution from the compaction-flow to the gravity-flow and the to the stagnation-flow, is the basic trend of the ground hydrodynamic environment in an oil and gas basin.

摘要： 本文根据含油气盆地地下水的能量特征、流动特征、压力特征及测势面特征等将盆地按地下水动力环境划分为压实流盆地、重力流盆地、滞流盆地三种基本类型。三者之间还存在具过渡性特征的叠合型盆地,即压实流-重力流叠合盆地和重力流-滞流叠合盆地。在压实流盆地中,地下水能量很大,充满生机和活力。地层压力属超压系统。地下水由盆地沉降中心的较深部位流向盆地边缘和浅部。油气围绕盆地中心呈环状聚集分布。在重力流盆地中,地下水具有一定的能量和活力,属动压系统。这时水可由盆地周缘向下渗入至盆地中心向上返出,构成向心流;亦可由盆地地势较高的一侧渗入至另一侧返出,构成穿越流。油气一般均聚集分布于泄水部位,即盆地中心或地下水泾流的中下游盆地一侧。滞流盆地中地下水属静压系统,能量小,无活力,基本不流动。压实流-重力流叠合盆地表现为流体的动压系统逐渐扩张,超压系统逐渐收缩,盆地浅部和边缘具重力流特征,深部具压实流特征。重力流-滞流叠合盆地的特征是动压系统逐渐收缩,而静压系统则不断扩大,盆地浅部和边缘具重力流特征,深部具滞流特征。按地下水动力环境的演化特征分析,压实流盆地比较年轻,重力流盆地应属中年期盆地,滞流盆地则已届老年。