Abstract: Thermal evolution,including Palaeotemperature,palaeoheat-flow and hydrocarbon generation history,is simulated from Sinian to the current by 2-D numerical method based on the tectonic along 11 seismic profiles in Tarim Basin.At several well locations,the simulation results match the measured data well.It is indicated that the thermal evolution from Sinian to the current in Tarim Basin can be divided into four stages.(1)High heat flow(hot basin)thermal evolution from Sinian to Ordovician; (2)Thermal decline from Silurian to later Paleozoic,being ‘hot basin' to ‘cool basin';(3)The stable thermal evolution (cool basin) in Mesozoic; (4 )Thermal evolution of the lithosphere flexibility in Cenozoic.Furthermore,the hydrocarbon generation histories in the three source rocks in Tarim Basin are simulated,and the prospecting accumulations in favorable areas are analyzed taking account of the tectonic evolution.

Key words: Tarim Basin, thermal evolution, palaeo-geotemperature, palaeoheat-flow, hydrocarbon generation history

摘要： 选择了塔里木盆地11条地震解释剖面,采用二维模拟方法,结合构造演化特征,恢复了震旦纪以来的地热史和生烃史.部分井点的结果对比显示,模拟结果与实测数据基本一致.研究表明,震旦纪至现今的热演化可分为四个阶段:即震旦纪一奥陶纪高热流(“热盆”)热演化阶段;志留纪至晚古生代热衰减、“热盆”向“冷盆”过渡的热演化阶段;中生代稳定热演化(低热流“冷盆”)阶段;新生代岩石圈挠曲热演化阶段.模拟了塔里木盆地内三大套生油岩系的生烃史,并结合构造演化史分析了油气聚集的有利地区和构造带.

关键词: 塔里木盆地, 热演化, 古地温, 古热流, 生烃史