Abstract: The paper describes the mechanism of ultrasonic demulsification,particle movement and collision,verifies the displacement effect of particles under ultrasonic irradiation by using visualization method,and presents the hydrodynamics model of particles collision and coalescence conditions in suspension.Demulsification experiments are conducted on oil in water emulsion of tertiary recovered oil from Gudao Oilfield.The feasibility by ultrasonic irradiation to separate water and oil in the emulsion is confirmed. By combining ultrasonic irradiation with demulsifier,the dehydration rate can be 96.5% under the conditions of 30 minutes irradiation and 4 hours sedimentation.If there is no ultrasonic irradiation,the dehydration rate is only 73% under the same conditions.

Key words: tertiary recovery, oil in water emulsion, ultrasonic wave, particles, collision, coalescence, demulsification

摘要： 对超声波破乳、粒子运动和碰撞的机理进行了分析,利用可视化技术对超声波作用下粒子运动的位移效应进行了验证.给出了悬浊液中粒子的碰撞水动力学模型和合并条件.针对胜利油田孤岛采油厂三次采油中采出的水包油型乳化原油进行了超声波破乳脱水实验研究,证明了超声波破乳分离水包油乳状液的可行性.温度为55℃时,在最优实验条件下超声波与破乳剂联合处理30min,沉降4h,可以脱去乳化原油中96.5%的水,而在同样条件下不用超声波处理的原油脱水率仅有73%.

关键词: 三次采油, 水包油乳状液, 超声波, 粒子, 碰撞, 合并, 破乳