Lithofacies types and sedimentary environment of shale in Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation, Sichuan Basin

doi:10.7623/syxb201605002

Acta Petrolei Sinica ›› 2016, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5): 572-586.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201605002

• Petroleum Exploration • Previous Articles Next Articles

Lithofacies types and sedimentary environment of shale in Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation, Sichuan Basin

Zhao Jianhua¹, Jin Zhijun², Jin Zhenkui¹, Wen Xin¹, Geng Yikai¹, Yan Caina³, Nie Haikuan²

1. College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China;
2. Sinopec Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, Beijing 100083, China;
3. School of Energy Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2015-11-06 Revised:2016-03-06 Online:2016-05-25 Published:2016-06-06

四川盆地五峰组-龙马溪组页岩岩相类型与沉积环境

赵建华¹, 金之钧², 金振奎¹, 温馨¹, 耿一凯¹, 颜彩娜³, 聂海宽²

1. 中国石油大学地球科学学院北京 102249;
2. 中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院北京 100083;
3. 中国地质大学能源学院北京 100083

通讯作者: 赵建华,男,1985年7月生,2008年获中国石油大学(华东)学士学位,2011年获中国地质大学(北京)博士学位,现为中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院博士后,主要从事沉积学与非常规油气地质研究。Email:zhao_jh2013@163.com
作者简介:赵建华,男,1985年7月生,2008年获中国石油大学(华东)学士学位,2011年获中国地质大学(北京)博士学位,现为中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院博士后,主要从事沉积学与非常规油气地质研究。Email:zhao_jh2013@163.com
基金资助:
中国博士后科学基金《富有机质页岩中自生石英成因机制及对页岩气勘探的意义》(No.2016M591350);国家自然科学基金项目《高热演化条件下页岩气聚集机理和评价方法研究》(No.41202103)和中国石油化工股份有限公司科技攻关项目《川东地区龙马溪组页岩气富集规律与分布预测》(G5800-14-ZS-KJB158)资助。

Abstract

Abstract:

The formation of organic-rich shale was controlled by sediment transport and deposition processes as well as sedimentary environment conditions. Based on mineralogy as well as different rock fabrics, biotic components and sedimentary textures, seven types of shale lithofacies were identified in Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation; siliceous shale, silty shale, argillaceous shale, calcareous shale, shell-bearing lime mudstone/marl, siltstone-fine sandstone and bentonite. The shale in Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation was not always able to deposit in a suspending form under the low-energy hydrodynamic conditions. A large number of siliceous biological fossils, biological detritus with grading characteristics, silt laminations, lenticular bedding, ripple cross-bedding and other sedimentary textures indicate that biogenic deposition, storm deposition and bottom current deposition also existed. Trace element analysis suggests that the siliceous shale in the lower part of Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation was formed in the dysoxic/anoxic environment, which was rich in organic matters. Then, sea level gradually declined. Meanwhile, influenced by bottom current, lithofacies types were changed and shown as silty shale and argillaceous shale, while dysoxic/anoxic environment was damaged, resulting in the gradually worsening preservation conditions of organic matter.

Key words: sedimentary environment, organic-rich shale, lithofacies type, depositional process, anoxic environment

摘要：

沉积物的搬运过程和环境条件控制着富有机质页岩的形成。根据矿物学、岩石组构、生物组成及沉积构造的不同,五峰组-龙马溪组页岩识别出7种岩相类型:硅质页岩、粉砂质页岩、黏土质页岩、灰质页岩、含介壳灰岩泥质/泥灰岩、粉砂岩-细砂岩和斑脱岩。五峰组-龙马溪组页岩并不是一直在低能的水动力条件下以悬浮的形式沉积,大量硅质生物化石、具粒序特征的生物碎屑、粉砂纹层、透镜状层理及沙纹交错层理等沉积构造表明,还存在生物沉积、风暴沉积和底流沉积作用。微量元素分析表明五峰组和龙马溪组下部硅质页岩形成于贫氧/缺氧环境,富含有机质;随后海平面逐渐下降,同时受到底流的影响,岩相类型向粉砂质页岩和黏土质页岩转变,贫氧/缺氧环境受到破坏,有机质的保存条件逐渐变差。

关键词: 沉积环境, 富有机质页岩, 岩相类型, 沉积过程, 缺氧环境

CLC Number:

TE122.14

Zhao Jianhua, Jin Zhijun, Jin Zhenkui, Wen Xin, Geng Yikai, Yan Caina, Nie Haikuan. Lithofacies types and sedimentary environment of shale in Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation, Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2016, 37(5): 572-586.

赵建华, 金之钧, 金振奎, 温馨, 耿一凯, 颜彩娜, 聂海宽. 四川盆地五峰组-龙马溪组页岩岩相类型与沉积环境[J]. 石油学报, 2016, 37(5): 572-586.

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Lithofacies types and sedimentary environment of shale in Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation, Sichuan Basin

四川盆地五峰组-龙马溪组页岩岩相类型与沉积环境

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