四川盆地震旦纪末期—寒武纪早期台盆的形成与演化

doi:10.7623/syxb201503006

石油学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 310-323.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201503006

四川盆地震旦纪末期—寒武纪早期台盆的形成与演化

周慧, 李伟, 张宝民, 刘静江, 邓胜徽, 张师本, 单秀琴, 张静, 王晓波, 姜华

中国石油勘探开发研究院提高石油采收率国家重点实验室北京 100083

收稿日期:2014-09-03 修回日期:2015-02-01 出版日期:2015-03-25 发布日期:2015-03-11
通讯作者: 周慧,男,1983年12月生,2005年获同济大学学士学位,2008年获中国石油勘探开发研究院硕士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院工程师,主要从事碳酸盐岩沉积储层研究工作。Email:zhouhui03@petrochina.com.cn
作者简介:周慧,男,1983年12月生,2005年获同济大学学士学位,2008年获中国石油勘探开发研究院硕士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院工程师,主要从事碳酸盐岩沉积储层研究工作。Email:zhouhui03@petrochina.com.cn
基金资助:
国家重大科技专项"四川、塔里木等盆地及邻区海相碳酸盐岩大油气田形成条件、关键技术及目标评价"(2011ZX05004)资助

Formation and evolution of Upper Sinian to Lower Cambrian intraplatformal basin in Sichuan Basin

Zhou Hui, Li Wei, Zhang Baomin, Liu Jingjiang, Deng Shenghui, Zhang Shiben, Shan Xiuqin, Zhang Jing, Wang Xiaobo, Jiang Hua

PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil Recovery, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2014-09-03 Revised:2015-02-01 Online:2015-03-25 Published:2015-03-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于钻测井、地震和露头资料,从沉积、构造和岩溶作用的角度分析了四川盆地震旦纪末期—寒武纪早期台盆的形成与演化过程,利用灯影组三段+灯影组四段的残余厚度、麦地坪组+筇竹寺组的厚度及麦地坪组的岩相分区特点综合确定了台盆的展布,并揭示其对灯影组天然气分布的控制作用。台盆区表现为灯影组三段+灯影组四段残厚小、上覆充填的麦地坪组与筇竹寺组厚度大、麦地坪组以深水相的含磷碳硅泥岩为主,平面上主要分布于青川—资阳—宜宾一带,其形成和演化经历了4个阶段:1灯影组一段、灯影组二段沉积期,四川盆地为一镶边碳酸盐台地,台地边缘和台地内部丘滩体发育,灯影组二段、灯影组三段之间的桐湾运动一幕作用形成了川西海盆的雏形,台盆与其两侧地貌存在差异;2灯影组三段沉积期,上扬子内克拉通由于拉张裂陷,形成了以磨溪、长宁、镇雄等为沉积中心的沉降带,控制着优质烃源岩的分布;灯影组四段沉积期,四川盆地演化为一内部发育台盆的镶边碳酸盐台地,灯影组末期的桐湾运动二幕作用使得四川盆地整体抬升遭受暴露,高部位风化剥蚀、低部位流体下切侵蚀,并使台盆区的范围达到最大;3寒武纪早期的麦地坪组为灯影组岩溶地貌基础上的第一套充填沉积,且平面上发育3个岩相区,麦地坪组与筇竹寺组之间的桐湾运动三幕作用对麦地坪组沉积后的地貌进行了局部改造;4筇竹寺组与沧浪铺组的持续充填,使四川盆地演化为一较平缓的碎屑岩缓坡。台盆的形成与演化不仅促进了其周缘灯影组四段台缘带优质储层的形成,而且控制着寒武系麦地坪组与筇竹寺组2套优质烃源岩的分布,环台盆灯影组白云岩具有良好的源-储配置关系,是最有利的勘探领域。

关键词: 四川盆地, 震旦纪, 寒武纪, 碳酸盐岩, 台盆, 岩相古地理, 油气勘探

Abstract:

Based on the analysis of welling, logging, seismic information and outcrops, the formation and evolution of Upper Sinian to Lower Cambrian intraplatformal basin (IPB) in Sichuan Basin was studied from the aspects of sedimentation, tectonics and karstification, and its distribution was defined by using total residual thickness of the 3rd and 4th member of Dengying Formation (DYF), total thickness of Maidiping Formation (MDPF) and Qiongzhusi Formation (QZSF), and lithofacies features, and its control on natural gas distribution of DYF was revealed. Its typical characteristics were small total residual thickness of the 3rd and 4th member of DYF, large total thickness of MDPF and QZSF, and developing mudstone containing phosphates and silicon. It underwent 4 stages: (1) During the 1st and 2nd member of DYF, Sichuan Basin was a rimmed platform with mounds and shoals developed in platform margin and interior. The first episode of Tongwan taphrogenesis between the 2nd and 3rd member of Dengying Formation formed the embryonic form of the IPB in western Sichuan Basin. And there exited landform difference between the IPB and its two sides. (2) During the 3rd member of DYF, Upper Yangzi craton extended and a subsidence zone was formed with Moxi, Changning and Zhengxiong area as its depositional centers, controlling the distribution of favored hydrocarbon source rocks. During the 4th member of DYF, Sichuan Basin evolved into a rimmed platform with an IPB. The second episode of Tongwan taphrogenesis after DYF made Sichuan Basin rise as a whole characterized by weather denudation in high position and fluid erosion in low part, and Qingchuan-Ziyang-Yibin IPB was shaped. (3) MDPF of Lower Cambrian was the first sediment on karst landform of DYF, with 3 lithology zones in plane distribution, and the third episode of Tongwan taphrogenesis reformed the depositional landform locally. (4) After lasting filling of QZSF and Canglangpu Formation, Sichuan Basin evolved into a siliclastic ramp. The formation and evolution of the IPB did not only promote the formation of high quality platform-margin dolomite reservoirs of the 4th member of DYF, but also control the distribution of two high quality hydrocarbon source rocks of MDPF and QZSF. The surrounding areas of the IPB were favorable petroleum exploration areas, with good contact configuration relationships between Cambrian hydrocarbon source rocks and dolomite reservoir of DYF.

Key words: Sichuan Basin, Sinian, Cambrian, carbonate, intraplatformal basin, lithofacies paleogeography, petroleum exploration

中图分类号:

TE122.14

周慧, 李伟, 张宝民, 刘静江, 邓胜徽, 张师本, 单秀琴, 张静, 王晓波, 姜华. 四川盆地震旦纪末期—寒武纪早期台盆的形成与演化[J]. 石油学报, 2015, 36(3): 310-323.

Zhou Hui, Li Wei, Zhang Baomin, Liu Jingjiang, Deng Shenghui, Zhang Shiben, Shan Xiuqin, Zhang Jing, Wang Xiaobo, Jiang Hua. Formation and evolution of Upper Sinian to Lower Cambrian intraplatformal basin in Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2015, 36(3): 310-323.

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四川盆地震旦纪末期—寒武纪早期台盆的形成与演化

Formation and evolution of Upper Sinian to Lower Cambrian intraplatformal basin in Sichuan Basin

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[4]	惠沙沙, 庞雄奇, 谌卓恒, 王琛茜, 施砍园, 胡涛, 胡耀, 李敏, 梅术星, 黎茂稳. 四川盆地海相页岩孔隙类型对孔隙空间贡献定量表征[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(3): 531-547.
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[6]	贾承造. 中国石油工业上游前景与未来理论技术五大挑战[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(1): 1-14.
[7]	王清华, 徐振平, 张荣虎, 杨海军, 杨宪彰. 塔里木盆地油气勘探新领域、新类型及资源潜力[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(1): 15-32.
[8]	王小军, 蒙启安, 李跃, 吴海波, 李军辉, 邓海, 申文静, 陈方举, 侯思宇, 张守庆. 海拉尔盆地油气勘探开发新领域、新类型及资源潜力[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(1): 99-114.
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[10]	武瑾, 李海, 杨学锋, 赵圣贤, 郭伟, 孙玉平, 刘永, 刘兆龙. 深层海相页岩纹层类型、组合及其对储层品质的影响——以四川盆地南部泸州区块龙马溪组一段一亚段为例[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(9): 1517-1531.
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[14]	魏国齐, 贾承造, 杨威. 安岳—奉节地区上震旦统—下寒武统陆架镶边台地地质特征及其对大气田(区)形成的控制作用[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(2): 223-240.
[15]	蒋华川, 张本健, 刘四兵, 王文之, 周刚, 和源, 李堃宇, 文华国. 四川盆地广安—石柱古隆起的发现及油气地质意义[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(2): 270-284.