火山地层界面的地质属性、地质内涵和储层意义——以中国东北地区中生代—新生代火山岩为例

doi:10.7623/syxb201503007

石油学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 324-336.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201503007

火山地层界面的地质属性、地质内涵和储层意义——以中国东北地区中生代—新生代火山岩为例

衣健¹, 王璞珺¹, 唐华风¹, 赵然磊¹, 姚瑞士¹, 郝国丽^1,2, 高有峰³

1. 吉林大学地球科学学院吉林长春 130061;
2. 东北石油大学非常规油气成藏与开发省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地黑龙江大庆 163318;
3. 吉林大学古生物学与地层学研究中心吉林长春 130061

收稿日期:2014-09-03 修回日期:2015-01-10 出版日期:2015-03-25 发布日期:2015-03-11
通讯作者: 高有峰,男,1982年6月生,2004年获吉林大学资源环境与城乡规划管理专业学士学位,2010年获吉林大学矿产普查与勘探专业博士学位,现为吉林大学古生物学与地层学研究中心副教授,主要从事火山岩储层及地层学研究。Email:gaoyoufeng@jlu.edu.cn
作者简介:衣健,男,1984年12月生,2008年获吉林大学资源勘查工程专业学士学位,2014年获吉林大学矿产普查与勘探专业博士学位,现为吉林大学博士后,主要从事盆地火山岩储层与油气藏研究。Email:yijian_x@yahoo.com
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2012CB822002)、国家自然科学基金项目(No.41202072,No.41472304)和东北石油大学非常规油气成藏与开发省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地开放基金项目(2010DS670083-201301)资助

Geological property,geological connotation and reservoir significance of volcanostratigraphic boundary: a case study of the Mesozoic & Cenozoic volcanic rocks in northeastern China

Yi Jian¹, Wang Pujun¹, Tang Huafeng¹, Zhao Ranlei¹, Yao Ruishi¹, Hao Guoli^1,2, Gao Youfeng³

1. College of Earth Science, Jilin University, Jilin Changchun 130061, China;
2. Accumulation and Development of Uncoventional Oil and Gas,State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base Jointly-constructed by Heilongjiang Province and the Ministry of Science and Technology, Northeast Petroleum University, Heilongjiang Daqing 163318, China;
3. Research Center of Paleontology and Stratigraphy, Jilin University, Jilin Changchun 130061, China

Received:2014-09-03 Revised:2015-01-10 Online:2015-03-25 Published:2015-03-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

火山地层界面指广泛发育在火山岩中的地层界面,是火山地层学研究的基础,目前从火山地层角度对火山地层界面的系统性研究较少。为了进一步厘定火山地层界面的类型,明确识别特征,探索地质内涵和储层意义,对野外剖面中的火山地层界面进行了详细的地质特征描述和分类。按接触关系将火山地层界面分为喷发整合、喷发不整合、喷发间断不整合和侵入不整合4类,为了便于识别,又按表观特征细分为熔岩表面结构构造面、火山碎屑岩表面结构构造面、熔岩结构构造突变面等10种。不同类型、特征的火山地层界面反映了火山喷发的间隔和火山作用变化,为建立火山地层等时格架提供了理论依据。以熔岩和火山碎屑熔岩为例探讨火山地层界面的储层意义,熔岩中原生孔隙主要沿喷发整合/喷发不整合界面分布,酸性和中基性熔岩中高孔隙度储层多发育在距离这两种界面30 m和15 m以内;次生溶蚀孔隙主要沿喷发间断不整合界面分布。火山碎屑熔岩中次生溶蚀孔是主要的储集空间,有利储层主要形成在喷发间断不整合界面附近。

关键词: 火山岩, 火山地层界面, 地质属性, 地质内涵, 储层意义

Abstract:

Volcanostratigraphic boundary refers to the stratigraphic boundary widely developed in the volcanic rocks, which provides the basis for volcanostratigraphic research. Currently, less systematical studies are carried out on volcanostratigraphic boundary from the perspective of valcanostratigraphy. In order to determine the types of volcanostratigraphic boundary, clarify the identifying characteristics and explore geological connotation and reservoir significance, detailed description and classification of geological characteristics were conducted on the volcanostratigraphic boundary in field profile. The volcanostratigraphic boundary is divided into four types according to contact relation, i.e., eruptive conformity boundary (ECB), eruptive unconformity boundary (EUB), eruptive interval unconformity boundary (EIUB) and intrusive unconformity boundary (IUB). To facilitate identification, these four types of volcanostratigraphic boundary can be further divided into 10 types according to apparent characteristics, such as lava surface structural interface, pyroclastic surface structural interface and lava structural interface of discontinuity, etc. The volcanostratigraphic boundary with different types and characteristics can reflect the eruption intervals and the changes in volcanism, providing a theoretical basis for the establishment of isochronous volcanostratigraphic framework. Taking the lava and pyroclastic rocks as example, the reservoir significance of volcanostratigraphic boundary was discussed in this study. The primary pores in lava are distributed along the ECB/EUB, and the high-porosity reservoirs in acidic and intermediate basic rocks are developed within 30 m and 15 m away from ECB and EUB respectively. The secondary dissolved pores are mainly distributed along EIUB, which are the major reservoir spaces in pyroclastic lava, and the favorable reservoirs are mainly formed around the EIUB.

Key words: volcanic rocks, volcanostratigraphic boundary, geological property, geological significance, reservoir significance

中图分类号:

TE132.2

衣健, 王璞珺, 唐华风, 赵然磊, 姚瑞士, 郝国丽, 高有峰. 火山地层界面的地质属性、地质内涵和储层意义——以中国东北地区中生代—新生代火山岩为例[J]. 石油学报, 2015, 36(3): 324-336.

Yi Jian, Wang Pujun, Tang Huafeng, Zhao Ranlei, Yao Ruishi, Hao Guoli, Gao Youfeng. Geological property,geological connotation and reservoir significance of volcanostratigraphic boundary: a case study of the Mesozoic & Cenozoic volcanic rocks in northeastern China[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2015, 36(3): 324-336.

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火山地层界面的地质属性、地质内涵和储层意义——以中国东北地区中生代—新生代火山岩为例

Geological property,geological connotation and reservoir significance of volcanostratigraphic boundary: a case study of the Mesozoic & Cenozoic volcanic rocks in northeastern China

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