准噶尔盆地南缘油气生成与分布规律——典型类型原油油源对比

doi:10.7623/syxb201602002

石油学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 160-171.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201602002

准噶尔盆地南缘油气生成与分布规律——典型类型原油油源对比

陈建平^1,2,3, 王绪龙⁴, 邓春萍^1,2,3, 赵喆¹, 倪云燕^1,2,3, 孙永革⁵, 杨海波⁴, 王汇彤^1,2,3, 梁狄刚^1,2,3

1. 中国石油勘探开发研究院北京 100083;
2. 提高石油采收率国家重点实验室北京 100083;
3. 中国石油天然气集团公司油气地球化学重点实验室北京 100083;
4. 中国石油新疆油田公司新疆克拉玛依 834000;
5. 浙江大学地球科学学院浙江杭州 310027

收稿日期:2015-06-09 修回日期:2015-12-03 出版日期:2016-02-25 发布日期:2016-03-11
通讯作者: 陈建平,男,1962年10月生,1983年获山东矿业学院学士学位,2003年获中国矿业大学(北京)博士学位,现为中国石油天然气集团公司油气地球化学重点实验室副主任,中国石油勘探开发研究院教授级高级工程师,主要从事油气地球化学研究工作。Email:chenjp@petrochina.com.cn
作者简介:陈建平,男,1962年10月生,1983年获山东矿业学院学士学位,2003年获中国矿业大学(北京)博士学位,现为中国石油天然气集团公司油气地球化学重点实验室副主任,中国石油勘探开发研究院教授级高级工程师,主要从事油气地球化学研究工作。Email:chenjp@petrochina.com.cn
基金资助:
中国石油天然气股份有限公司科学研究与技术开发项目(06-01A-01-02、2011A-0201、2014A-0211)资助。

Oil-source correlation of typical crude oils in the southern margin, Junggar Basin, Northwestern China

Chen Jianping^1,2,3, Wang Xulong⁴, Deng Chunping^1,2,3, Zhao Zhe¹, Ni Yunyan^1,2,3, Sun Yongge⁵, Yang Haibo⁴, Wang Huitong^1,2,3, Liang Digang^1,2,3

1. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil Recovery, Beijing 100083, China;
3. CNPC Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry, Beijing 100083, China;
4. PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Xinjiang Karamay 834000, China;
5. School of Earth Science, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Hangzhou 310027, China

Received:2015-06-09 Revised:2015-12-03 Online:2016-02-25 Published:2016-03-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

准噶尔盆地南缘地区背斜众多,油气分布广泛,油气性质多样。该地区存在5套有效烃源岩,油-源关系十分复杂,长期以来对原油来源存在很大争议。系统采集了南缘地区5套烃源岩及不同构造原油样品,对烃源岩抽提物与原油碳同位素组成、正构烷烃及类异戊二烯烷烃分子碳同位素组成、生物标志物组成特征等进行了全面的对比分析。结果表明,南缘地区4种典型类型原油分别来源于不同时代的烃源岩:1第1类原油碳同位素组成轻,正构烷烃分子碳同位素分布比较平缓,含有较丰富的β-胡萝卜烷,甾烷以C₂₈、C₂₉规则甾烷为主,来源于二叠系烃源岩;2第2类原油碳同位素组成重,正构烷烃分子碳同位素分布比较平缓,Pr/Ph比值高,甾烷以C₂₉规则甾烷和重排甾烷为主,三环萜烷以C₁₉为主,伽马蜡烷含量很低,来源于侏罗纪煤系烃源岩;3第3类原油碳同位素组成轻,正构烷烃分子碳同位素分布随碳数增高大幅下降,Pr/Ph比值小于1.0,C₂₇、C₂₈、C₂₉甾烷呈"V"型分布,异胆甾烷、重排甾烷、Ts、C₂₉Ts、C₃₀重排藿烷、伽马蜡烷含量高,来源于白垩系清水河组烃源岩;4第4类原油碳同位素组成重,正构烷烃分子碳同位素分布随碳数增高下降幅度大,C₂₇、C₂₈、C₂₉甾烷呈"V"型分布且以ααα-20R为主,甲藻甾烷尤为丰富,来源于古近系安集海河组烃源岩。目前在南缘地区尚未发现三叠系烃源岩生成的原油。

关键词: 准噶尔盆地, 南缘, 原油, 碳同位素, 生物标志物, 油-源对比

Abstract:

The southern margin of Junggar Basin is characterized by various anticlines, widespread hydrocarbon, diversified hydrocarbon properties, as well as five sets of effective source rocks and extremely complex oil-source relation, so that a large dispute exists in crude oil source for a long term. Five sets of source rocks and crude oil samples from different structures were systematically collected in this study, and comprehensive correlation analyses were carried out on the carbon isotopes of source rock extracts, crude oil, n-alkanes and isoprenoid alkanes and their biomarker component characteristics. The results show that four types of crude oils in the southern margin are derived from source rocks in different periods. The first type of crude oil is characterized by light carbon isotopes, relatively flat distribution of carbon isotopes of individual n-alkanes, abundant β-carrotane, as well as sterane dominated by C₂₈ and C₂₉ regular sterane, derived from Permian source rocks. The second type of crude oil is characterized by heavy carbon isotopes, relatively flat distribution of carbon isotopes of individual n-alkanes, high Pr/Ph ratio, sterane dominated by C₂₉ regular steranes and diasteranes, tricyclic terpane dominated by C₁₉ and low content of gammacerane, derived from Jurassic coal measures. The third type of crude oil is characterized by light carbon isotopes, molecule carbon isotopes of n-alkane largely reduced with increasing carbon numbers, the ratio of Pr/Ph less than 1.0, V-shaped distribution of C₂₇, C₂₈ and C₂₉ sterane, and a high content of isocholestane, diasterane, Ts, C₂₉Ts, C₃₀ diahopane and gammacerane, derived from the source rocks of Cretaceous Qingshuihe Formation. The fourth type of crude oil is characterized by heavy carbon isotopes, molecule carbon isotopes of n-alkane greatly reduced with increasing carbon numbers, V-shaped distribution of C₂₇, C₂₈ and C₂₉ sterane dominated by ααα-20R, and abundant dinosteranes, derived from the source rocks of Paleogene Anjihaihe Formation. At present, no crude oil has been found derived from the Triassic source rocks in the south margin.

Key words: Junggar Basin, southern margin, crude oil, carbon isotope, biomarker, oil-source correlation

中图分类号:

TE122

陈建平, 王绪龙, 邓春萍, 赵喆, 倪云燕, 孙永革, 杨海波, 王汇彤, 梁狄刚. 准噶尔盆地南缘油气生成与分布规律——典型类型原油油源对比[J]. 石油学报, 2016, 37(2): 160-171.

Chen Jianping, Wang Xulong, Deng Chunping, Zhao Zhe, Ni Yunyan, Sun Yongge, Yang Haibo, Wang Huitong, Liang Digang. Oil-source correlation of typical crude oils in the southern margin, Junggar Basin, Northwestern China[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2016, 37(2): 160-171.

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准噶尔盆地南缘油气生成与分布规律——典型类型原油油源对比

Oil-source correlation of typical crude oils in the southern margin, Junggar Basin, Northwestern China

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