低黏液体井筒携砂流动规律及特征流速实验

doi:10.7623/syxb201610008

石油学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (10): 1280-1286.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201610008

低黏液体井筒携砂流动规律及特征流速实验

董长银¹, 高凯歌¹, 王鹏², 张清华¹, 崔明月², 姚飞²

1. 中国石油大学石油工程学院山东青岛 266580;
2. 中国石油勘探开发研究院廊坊分院河北廊坊 065007

收稿日期:2016-02-29 修回日期:2016-08-29 出版日期:2016-10-25 发布日期:2016-11-09
通讯作者: 董长银,男,1976年4月生,1998年获石油大学(华东)学士学位,2003年获石油大学(华东)博士学位,现为中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院教授,主要从事井筒多相流动与油气井防砂完井研究工作。Email:dongcy@upc.edu.cn
作者简介:董长银,男,1976年4月生,1998年获石油大学(华东)学士学位,2003年获石油大学(华东)博士学位,现为中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院教授,主要从事井筒多相流动与油气井防砂完井研究工作。Email:dongcy@upc.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（No.51374226）资助。

Sand-carrying flow in low-viscosity wellbore fluid and characteristic flow velocities

Dong Changyin¹, Gao Kaige¹, Wang Peng², Zhang Qinghua¹, Cui Mingyue², Yao Fei²

1. School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Shandong Qingdao 266580, China;
2. Langfang Branch, PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Hebei Langfang 065007, China

Received:2016-02-29 Revised:2016-08-29 Online:2016-10-25 Published:2016-11-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

固体颗粒在井筒中的流动规律是石油工程领域中钻井携岩和携砂生产过程涉及到的基础性问题之一，其中的携砂（岩）流速是上述工程问题的主要设计参数之一。提出了井筒中固液携砂流动的3个特征流速，分别为静水沉速、悬浮流速和携砂流速，并给出了其界定方法。使用井筒携砂流动综合模拟实验装置进行了液体黏度为1~23 mPa·s、井筒倾角为45°~90°、石英砂和陶粒尺寸为0.05~1.5 mm、井筒内径为40~100 mm范围条件下的特征流速敏感性测试实验，得到了低黏度条件下静水沉速、悬浮流速、携砂流速随颗粒尺寸、流体黏度、井筒倾角、井筒直径、材料密度的定量敏感关系和规律。利用实验数据拟合了静水沉速、悬浮流速和携砂流速三者之间的经验关系。结果表明，在相同的条件下，液体流动对颗粒的悬浮流速约为颗粒在静水中沉降速度的80.43%，这与传统将静水沉速视为临界携砂流速的观点不同；合理携砂流速约为悬浮流速的3.73倍，可以达到快速携砂要求。针对现有直接根据静水沉速计算携砂流速所存在的问题，给出了一套利用3个特征流速完成合理携砂流量设计的流程和方法。

关键词: 固液流动, 携砂生产, 静水沉速, 悬浮流速, 携砂流速, 特征流速, 实验研究

Abstract:

Solid-liquid two-phase flow is one of the fundamental issues concerning cuttings and sand-carrying oil production in petroleum engineering, and pump rate is one of the main design parameters for solving above engineering problem. Three characteristic flow velocities of solid-liquid flow were proposed, i.e., hydrostatic settling velocity, suspension flow velocity and sand-carrying velocity, and their defining methods were also put forward. Using the experimental apparatuses for comprehensive simulation of solid-liquid flow in wellbore, a sensitivity test was performed on characteristic flow velocities at different conditions of fluid viscosity (1~23 mPa ·s), wellbore inclination angle (45°~90°), quartz sand and ceramsite diameter (0.05~1.5 mm), and pipe inner diameter (40~100 mm). The test results revealed that the quantitative sensitivity relationship between the three characteristic flow velocities and particle size, fluid viscosity, wellbore inclination angle, wellbore diameter and material density in low-viscosity fluid, as well as the relevant changing laws. The empirical relationship among the three characteristic flow velocities had been fitted using experimental data, indicating that suspension velocity tends to be 80.43% of the settling velocity under the same flow conditions, which was inconsistent with the traditional view that hydrostatic settling velocity was taken as the critical sand-carrying velocity. Reasonable flow velocity was 3.75 times of suspension velocity, which can satisfy the requirement of fast sand transportation. Aiming at the problems encountered in the calculation of sand transportation velocity using hydrostatic settling velocity, this study proposed the process and method for reasonable solid-liquid flow design using the three characteristic flow velocities.

Key words: solid-liquid two phase flow, sand-carrying oil production, hydrostatic settling velocity, suspension flow velocity, sand-carrying velocity, characteristic flow velocity, experimental study

中图分类号:

TE358.1

董长银, 高凯歌, 王鹏, 张清华, 崔明月, 姚飞. 低黏液体井筒携砂流动规律及特征流速实验[J]. 石油学报, 2016, 37(10): 1280-1286.

Dong Changyin, Gao Kaige, Wang Peng, Zhang Qinghua, Cui Mingyue, Yao Fei. Sand-carrying flow in low-viscosity wellbore fluid and characteristic flow velocities[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2016, 37(10): 1280-1286.

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低黏液体井筒携砂流动规律及特征流速实验

Sand-carrying flow in low-viscosity wellbore fluid and characteristic flow velocities

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