四川盆地龙马溪组页岩孔隙度控制因素及演化规律

doi:10.7623/syxb201702005

石油学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 175-184.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201702005

四川盆地龙马溪组页岩孔隙度控制因素及演化规律

刘文平^1,2, 张成林¹, 高贵冬³, 罗超¹, 吴伟¹, 石学文¹, 张鉴^1,2, 李武广¹, 邓晓航^1,2, 胡晓华¹

1. 中国石油西南油气田公司勘探开发研究院四川成都 610046;
2. 页岩气评价与开采四川省重点实验室四川成都 610213;
3. 中国石油西南油气田公司四川成都 610046

收稿日期:2016-09-08 修回日期:2016-12-30 出版日期:2017-02-25 发布日期:2017-03-08
通讯作者: 刘文平,男,1987年10月生,2010年获中南大学地学与环境工程学院学士学位,2013年获中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院硕士学位,现为中国石油西南油气田公司勘探开发研究院工程师,主要从事页岩气地质评价工作。Email:liuwenping01@petrochina.com.cn
作者简介:刘文平,男,1987年10月生,2010年获中南大学地学与环境工程学院学士学位,2013年获中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院硕士学位,现为中国石油西南油气田公司勘探开发研究院工程师,主要从事页岩气地质评价工作。Email:liuwenping01@petrochina.com.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（No.41502150）、四川省科技支撑计划项目（2015SZ0001）和中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（B类）（XDB10010504）资助。

Controlling factors and evolution laws of shale porosity in Longmaxi Formation, Sichuan Basin

Liu Wenping^1,2, Zhang Chenglin¹, Gao Guidong³, Luo Chao¹, Wu Wei¹, Shi Xuewen¹, Zhang Jian^1,2, Li Wuguang¹, Deng Xiaohang^1,2, Hu Xiaohua¹

1. Exploration and Development Research Institute, PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company, Sichuan Chengdu 610046, China;
2. Shale Gas Evaluation and Exploitation Key Laboratory of Sichan Province, Sichuan Chengdu 610213, China;
3. PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company, Sichuan Chengdu 610046, China

Received:2016-09-08 Revised:2016-12-30 Online:2017-02-25 Published:2017-03-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为查明四川盆地龙马溪组页岩储层孔隙控制因素及演化规律，利用场发射扫描电子显微镜和氮气吸附实验等方法对页岩储层孔隙类型及孔隙结构进行研究。页岩储层孔隙类型包括有机孔、晶间孔、晶内溶孔和粒间孔，有机孔是主要孔隙类型之一，且有机孔中微孔所占的孔体积和比表面积大，是页岩气储集的主要空间。通过对有机质丰度（TOC）、有机质成熟度（R_o）、成岩作用和构造作用对页岩孔隙度的影响研究，结果表明：1有机质丰度对孔隙度的影响可以分为4个阶段：快速增大（TOC为0%~2%）、缓慢减小（TOC为2%~3%）、快速增大（TOC为3%~4%或6%）、快速减小（TOC>4%或6%）；2四川盆地页岩成熟度对孔隙度的影响可分为3个阶段：快速减小（R_o为1.5%~2.2%）、快速增大（R_o为2.2%~2.7%）、快速减小（R_o>2.7%）；3高热演化阶段有机成岩作用强于无机成岩作用；4构造作用对孔隙度影响较大，构造作用越强烈的区域孔隙度越小。四川盆地龙马溪组页岩孔隙度演化经历5个阶段：未熟快速压实阶段（R_o<0.7%）、成熟生烃溶蚀阶段（R_o为0.7%~1.3%）、高成熟孔隙封闭阶段（R_o为1.3%~2.2%）、过成熟二次裂解阶段（R_o为2.2%~2.7%）、过成熟缓慢压实阶段（R_o>2.7%），其中成熟生烃溶蚀阶段和过成熟二次裂解阶段是最有利的页岩孔隙发育阶段。

关键词: 页岩孔隙度, 有机质丰度, 有机质成熟度, 成岩作用, 构造作用, 孔隙演化

Abstract:

To find out the controlling factors and evolution laws of shale porosity in Longmaxi Formation, Sichuan Basin, the pore types and structures of shale reservoir were studied using the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), N₂ adsorption experiment and other methods. The results show that the pore types of shale reservoir include organic pore, inter-crystalline pore, intra-crystalline dissolved pore and intergranular pore. Organic pores are a dominant type, among which the micro-pore has large pore volume and specific surface area, providing the main reserving space for shale gas. Through studying the influences of organic matter abundance (TOC), organic matter maturity (R_o), diagenesis and tectonism on shale porosity, the results have proved that the influence of organic matter abundance on porosity can be divided into four stages, i.e., rapid increase (TOC of 0%-2%), slow decrease (TOC of 2%-3%), rapid increase (TOC of 3%-4% or 6%) and rapid decrease (TOC>4% or 6%); the influence of shale maturity on porosity in Sichuan Basin can be divided into three stages, i.e., rapid decrease (R_o of 1.5%-2.2%), rapid increase (R_o of 2.2%-2.7%) and rapid decrease (R_o>2.7%); the organic diagenesis is stronger than the inorganic diagenesis in the high thermal evolution stage; the tectonism has a great impact on porosity, and the more intense tectonism corresponds to the smaller porosity. The shale porosity evolution in Longmaxi Formation, Sichuan Basin experienced five stages, i.e., immature rapid compaction stage (R_o<0.7%), mature hydrocarbon generation-dissolution stage (R_o of 0.7%-1.3%), high-mature pore sealing stage (R_o of 1.3%-2.2%), overmature secondary cracking stage (R_o of 2.2%-2.7%) and overmature slow compaction stage (R_o>2.7%). Among them, the mature hydrocarbon generation-dissolution stage and overmature secondary cracking stage are the most favorable stages for the development of shale pores.

Key words: shale porosity, abundance of organic matter, maturity of organic matter, diagenesis, tectonism, pore evolution

中图分类号:

TE122.3

刘文平, 张成林, 高贵冬, 罗超, 吴伟, 石学文, 张鉴, 李武广, 邓晓航, 胡晓华. 四川盆地龙马溪组页岩孔隙度控制因素及演化规律[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(2): 175-184.

Liu Wenping, Zhang Chenglin, Gao Guidong, Luo Chao, Wu Wei, Shi Xuewen, Zhang Jian, Li Wuguang, Deng Xiaohang, Hu Xiaohua. Controlling factors and evolution laws of shale porosity in Longmaxi Formation, Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2017, 38(2): 175-184.

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四川盆地龙马溪组页岩孔隙度控制因素及演化规律

Controlling factors and evolution laws of shale porosity in Longmaxi Formation, Sichuan Basin

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